A Must Know: acronyms are used everywhere in technical publications, and it is helpful to regroup the ones specific to Product Design, R&D, startup, and Innovation. We list here acronyms mostly related to mechanics, statistics, standards, project management, lean and process organization, quality, finance, and IT.
This acronyms list does not include foreign language terms such as Japanese Lean Sigma terms but does include organization acronyms (ex.: ASME, ASTM, AWS, BS …) when these are used for standards, codes, or other general interests.
Mind that these acronyms should not be used excessively, as demonstrated here for fun with majestic Robin Williams in Good Morning Vietnam.
Print, Share, or Bookmark
Most Used Acronyms
Acronyms List version 1.05
| Acronym | 定义 |
|---|---|
| ADSL | Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line |
| AES | Advanced Encryption System |
| AISI | American Iron and Steel Institute |
| ANOVA | ANalysis Of VAriance (statistics) |
| ANSI | American National Standards Institute |
| API | Application Programming Interface |
| APQP | Advanced Product Quality Planning |
| ARR | Annual Recurring |
| ARR | Annual Run Rate |
| ASAP | As Soon As Possible |
| ASCII | 美国信息交换标准代码 |
| 自动化管理 | 美国金属学会 |
| 美国机械工程师学会 | 美国机械工程师学会 |
| 美国材料与试验协会 | 美国材料与试验协会 |
| ATM | Asynchronous Transfer Mode |
| AWS | American Welding Society |
| BOM | Bill Of Material |
| BS | British Standard |
| CAC | Customer Acquisition Cost |
| 计算机辅助设计 | Computer-Aided Design |
| CAM | Computer-Aided Manufacturing |
| CAPA | Corrective Action and Preventative Action |
| 资本支出 | CAPital EXpenditures |
| CFD | Computational Fluid Dynamics |
| CGI | Computer-generated imagery |
| CLI | Command Line Interface or Command Line Interpreter |
| 厘米 | Contract Manufacturer |
| CMOS | Complementary metal-oxide semiconductor |
| CNC | Computer Numerically Controlled |
| COGS | Cost of Goods Sold |
| Cpk | calculation of 过程能力 |
| CRM | Customer Relationship Management |
| CTQ | Critical To Quality |
| DCR | Document Change Request |
| DDoS | Distributed Denial of Service. A particular hacking method |
| DFM | Design for Manufacturing (or Manufacturability) or Maintainability (rare) |
| DFM | Down For Maintenance (rare) |
| DFMEA | 设计失败 模式和效应分析(另见) 失效模式及影响分析 & PFMEA) |
| 面向软件战略 | Design For Six Sigma |
| DHCP | Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol |
| DHF | Design History File (from FDA) |
| DHR | Device History Record (from FDA) |
| DIN | Deutsches Institut für Normung (German Institute for Standardisation) |
| DMAIC | Define Measure Analyze Improve Control |
| DMR | Device Master Record (from FDA) |
| DOE | Design of Experiment |
| DPO | Direct Public Offering |
| DSL | Digital Subscriber Line |
| DV | Design Validation (test) |
| ECN | Engineering Change Notice |
| EDA | Electronic Design Automation |
| EDI | Electronic data interchange |
| EMC | ElectroMagnetic Compatibility |
| ERP | Enterprise Resource Planning |
| FAI | First Article Inspection |
| FCC | Federal Communications Commission |
| FEA | Finite Element Analysis (see FEM) |
| FEM | Finite Element Method. Read more in Wikipedia dedicated article. |
| FFF | Form Fit & Function |
| FFF | Forms Follow Function |
| FIFO | First In First Out (see also FILO & LIFO) |
| FILO | First in Last out (see also FIFO & LIFO) |
| 失效模式及影响分析 | Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (see also DFMEA & PFMEA) |
| GD&T | Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing |
| 良好生产规范 | Good Manufacturing Practices |
| GPU | Graphics Processing Unit |
| GTM | Go To Market |
| 图形用户界面 | Graphical User Interface (see UI) |
| 危害分析关键控制点 | 危害分析和关键控制点 |
| HTML | HyperTextMarkupLanguage |
| HTTP | HyperText Transfer Protocol |
| IaaS | Infrastructure as a service |
| IEC | International Electrotechnical Commission |
| IEEE | 电气与电子工程师协会 |
| IFU | instruction For Use |
| IMAP | Internet Message Access Protocol |
| IMHO | In My Humble Opinion |
| 物联网 | Internet of Things |
| IP | Industrial Property |
| IP | Index Protection |
| IP | 互联网协议 |
| IPO | Initial Public Offering |
| IQ | Installation Qualification (see OQ PQ V&V also) |
| ISDN | Integrated Services Digital Network |
| ISO | International Organization for Standardization |
| ISP | Internet Service Provider |
| JIT | Just In Time |
| LAN | Local Area Network |
| LBO | Leveraged Buy-Out |
| LIFO | Last in first out (see also FILO & FIFO) |
| LTV | LifeTime Value per customer |
| MAG | Metal Active Gas (welding) |
| MCO | Manufacturing Change Order |
| MCR | Manufacturing Change Request |
| MDD | Medical Devices Directive (medical EU) or (medical FDA). Risk of confusion here |
| MDR | Medical Device Regulation (medical EU) |
| MFA | Multi-Factor Authentication |
| MIG | Metal Inert Gas (welding) |
| MOQ | Minimum Order Quantity |
| MRP | Manufacturing Resources Planning |
| MRR | Monthly Recurring Revenue |
| MSA | Measurement System Analysis |
| MTBF | Mean Time Between Failures. See dedicated post and MTTR below |
| MTTR | Mean Time To Repair |
| NAS | Network-attached storage |
| NDA | Non-Disclosure Agreement |
| NDR | Net Dollar Retention |
| NPD | New Product Development |
| NPI | New Product Introduction |
| OEM | Original Equipment Manufacturer |
| OOO | Out Of Office 🙂 |
| OPEX | Operational EXpenditures |
| OQ | Operational Qualification (see IQ PQ V&V also) |
| PaaS | Platform-as-a-Service |
| PCB | Printed 电路板 |
| PDCA | Plan Do Check Act |
| PDM | Product Data Management |
| PFMEA | Process Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (see also DFMEA & FMEA) |
| PLM | 产品生命周期管理 |
| PM | Project Manager |
| PMBOK | Project Management Body of Knowledge |
| PMO | Project Management Office |
| POC | Proof of Concept |
| POC | Point of Contact |
| PoE | Power over Ethernet |
| PPAP | Production Part Approval Process |
| PPC | Pay per Click |
| ppm | parts per million |
| PQ | Performance Qualification (see IQ OQ V&V also) |
| PR | Public Relations |
| QFD | Quality Function Deployment |
| QMS | Quality Management System |
| R&R | (gage) repeatability and reproducibility |
| RFC | Request For Comments |
| RFP | Request For Proposal |
| RMA | Return Material Authorization |
| RoHS | Restriction of Hazardous Substances |
| 投资回报率 | Return On Investment |
| ROR | Ruby on Rails |
| RTCP | Real-time Transport Control Protocol |
| SaaS | Software-as-a-Service |
| SDK | 软件开发工具包 |
| SKU | Stock Keeping Unit |
| SLA | Service Level Agreement |
| SLAM | Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (algorithm) |
| SMART | Specific Measurable Achievable Relevant Timely |
| 铁匠 | 单分钟换模 |
| SMTP | Simple Mail Transfer Protocol |
| SOAP | Service Orchestration And Automation Platform |
| SOP | Standard Operating Procedure |
| SOP | Start Of Production |
| SOW | Statement of Work |
| 统计过程控制 | Statistical Process Control |
| TIG | Tungsten Inert Gas (welding) |
| TOC | Table Of Content |
| TPM | 全面生产维护 |
| TQM | Total quality management |
| UDP | User Datagram Protocol |
| UI | User Interface (see GUI) |
| UPS | Uninterruptible Power Supply |
| URL | Uniform Resource Locator |
| URS | User Requirement Specification |
| USPTO | United States Patent & Trademark Office |
| 用户体验 | 用户体验 |
| V&V | 验证与确认 |
| VOC | Voice of Customer (read Gold Nuggets for Design) |
| VoIP | Voice Over IP |
| VPN | Virtual Private Network |
| VSM | 价值流图 |
| WAN | Wide Area Network |
| WEEE | Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (directive) |
| WIFI | Wireless Fidelity |
| 在制品 | Work in Progress |
| WLAN | Wireless Local Area Network |
| XML | Extensible Markup Language |
| YTD | Year To Date |
| TAT | Turn-Around Time |
| RPM | Revenue Performance Management |
| RPM | Revolutions Per Minute |
| RPM | Revenue Per Mille (thousand) |
| RPM | Package Manager (Linux - initially Red Hat) |
| CPM | Cost Per Mille (thousand impressions) |
| CPM | Corporate Performance Management |
| 关键绩效指标 | Key Performance Indicator |
| CPC | 每次点击费用 |
Use the form on the right to suggest the acronyms we may have missed.
Top must-know acronyms in 创新 和 产品设计:
BOM, CAPA, CAPEX, COGS, Cpk, DFMEA, DfSS, DHF, DHR, DMAIC, DMR, DOE, DV, ERP, FIFO, FMEA, GD&T, GMP, HACCP, IFU, IQ, JIT, KPI, MOQ, MTBF, NDA, OPEX, OQ, PDCA, PDM, PFMEA, PM, PMO, ppm, PQ, QFD, QMS, ROI, SMED, UI, UX, V&V, WIP, YTD
External Links on Manufacturing, Production and Quality Glossary
国际标准
(将鼠标悬停在链接上即可查看内容描述)

















