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产品设计、研发和制造中最常用的 99 个缩略词

Product Design Acronyms

A Must Know: acronyms are used everywhere in technical publications, and it is helpful to regroup the ones specific to Product Design, R&D, startup, and Innovation. We list here acronyms mostly related to mechanics, statistics, standards, project management, lean and process organization, quality, finance, and IT.

This acronyms list does not include foreign language terms such as Japanese Lean Sigma terms but does include organization acronyms (ex.: ASME, ASTM, AWS, BS …) when these are used for standards, codes, or other general interests.

Mind that these acronyms should not be used excessively, as demonstrated here for fun with majestic Robin Williams in Good Morning Vietnam.

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Most Used Acronyms

Acronyms List version 1.05

Acronym 定义
ADSL Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line
AES Advanced Encryption System
AISI American Iron and Steel Institute
ANOVA ANalysis Of VAriance (statistics)
ANSI American National Standards Institute
API Application Programming Interface
APQP Advanced Product Quality Planning
ARR Annual Recurring
ARR Annual Run Rate
ASAP As Soon As Possible
ASCII 美国信息交换标准代码
自动化管理 美国金属学会
美国机械工程师学会 美国机械工程师学会
美国材料与试验协会 美国材料与试验协会
ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode
AWS American Welding Society
BOM Bill Of Material
BS British Standard
CAC Customer Acquisition Cost
计算机辅助设计 Computer-Aided Design
CAM Computer-Aided Manufacturing
CAPA Corrective Action and Preventative Action
资本支出 CAPital EXpenditures
CFD Computational Fluid Dynamics
CGI Computer-generated imagery
CLI Command Line Interface or Command Line Interpreter
厘米 Contract Manufacturer
CMOS Complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
CNC Computer Numerically Controlled
COGS Cost of Goods Sold
Cpk calculation of 过程能力
CRM Customer Relationship Management
CTQ Critical To Quality
DCR Document Change Request
DDoS Distributed Denial of Service. A particular hacking method
DFM Design for Manufacturing (or Manufacturability) or Maintainability (rare)
DFM Down For Maintenance (rare)
DFMEA 设计失败 模式和效应分析(另见) 失效模式及影响分析 & PFMEA)
面向软件战略 Design For Six Sigma
DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
DHF Design History File (from FDA)
DHR Device History Record (from FDA)
DIN Deutsches Institut für Normung (German Institute for Standardisation)
DMAIC Define Measure Analyze Improve Control
DMR Device Master Record (from FDA)
DOE Design of Experiment
DPO Direct Public Offering
DSL Digital Subscriber Line
DV Design Validation (test)
ECN Engineering Change Notice
EDA Electronic Design Automation
EDI Electronic data interchange
EMC ElectroMagnetic Compatibility
ERP Enterprise Resource Planning
FAI First Article Inspection
FCC Federal Communications Commission
FEA Finite Element Analysis (see FEM)
FEM Finite Element Method. Read more in Wikipedia dedicated article.
FFF Form Fit & Function
FFF Forms Follow Function
FIFO First In First Out (see also FILO & LIFO)
FILO First in Last out (see also FIFO & LIFO)
失效模式及影响分析 Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (see also DFMEA & PFMEA)
GD&T Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing
良好生产规范 Good Manufacturing Practices
GPU Graphics Processing Unit 
GTM Go To Market
图形用户界面 Graphical User Interface (see UI)
危害分析关键控制点 危害分析和关键控制点
HTML HyperTextMarkupLanguage
HTTP HyperText Transfer Protocol
IaaS Infrastructure as a service
IEC International Electrotechnical Commission
IEEE 电气与电子工程师协会
IFU instruction For Use
IMAP Internet Message Access Protocol
IMHO In My Humble Opinion
物联网 Internet of Things
IP Industrial Property
IP Index Protection
IP 互联网协议
IPO Initial Public Offering
IQ Installation Qualification (see OQ PQ V&V also)
ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network
ISO International Organization for Standardization
ISP Internet Service Provider
JIT Just In Time
LAN Local Area Network
LBO Leveraged Buy-Out
LIFO Last in first out (see also FILO & FIFO)
LTV LifeTime Value per customer
MAG Metal Active Gas (welding)
MCO Manufacturing Change Order
MCR Manufacturing Change Request
MDD Medical Devices Directive (medical EU) or (medical FDA). Risk of confusion here
MDR Medical Device Regulation (medical EU)
MFA Multi-Factor Authentication
MIG Metal Inert Gas (welding)
MOQ Minimum Order Quantity
MRP Manufacturing Resources Planning
MRR Monthly Recurring Revenue
MSA Measurement System Analysis
MTBF Mean Time Between Failures. See dedicated post and MTTR below
MTTR Mean Time To Repair
NAS Network-attached storage
NDA Non-Disclosure Agreement
NDR Net Dollar Retention
NPD New Product Development
NPI New Product Introduction
OEM Original Equipment Manufacturer
OOO  Out Of Office 🙂
OPEX Operational EXpenditures
OQ Operational Qualification (see IQ PQ V&V also)
PaaS Platform-as-a-Service
PCB Printed 电路板
PDCA Plan Do Check Act
PDM Product Data Management
PFMEA Process Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (see also DFMEA & FMEA)
PLM 产品生命周期管理
PM Project Manager
PMBOK Project Management Body of Knowledge
PMO Project Management Office
POC Proof of Concept
POC Point of Contact
PoE Power over Ethernet
PPAP Production Part Approval Process
PPC Pay per Click
ppm parts per million
PQ Performance Qualification (see IQ OQ V&V also)
PR Public Relations
QFD Quality Function Deployment
QMS Quality Management System
R&R (gage) repeatability and reproducibility
RFC Request For Comments
RFP Request For Proposal
RMA Return Material Authorization
RoHS Restriction of Hazardous Substances
投资回报率 Return On Investment
ROR Ruby on Rails
RTCP Real-time Transport Control Protocol
SaaS Software-as-a-Service
SDK 软件开发工具包
SKU Stock Keeping Unit
SLA Service Level Agreement
SLAM Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (algorithm)
SMART Specific Measurable Achievable Relevant Timely
铁匠 单分钟换模
SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
SOAP Service Orchestration And Automation Platform
SOP Standard Operating Procedure
SOP Start Of Production
SOW Statement of Work
统计过程控制 Statistical Process Control
TIG Tungsten Inert Gas (welding)
TOC Table Of Content
TPM 全面生产维护
TQM Total quality management
UDP User Datagram Protocol
UI User Interface (see GUI)
UPS Uninterruptible Power Supply
URL Uniform Resource Locator
URS User Requirement Specification
USPTO United States Patent & Trademark Office
用户体验 用户体验
V&V 验证与确认
VOC Voice of Customer (read Gold Nuggets for Design)
VoIP Voice Over IP
VPN Virtual Private Network
VSM 价值流图
WAN Wide Area Network
WEEE Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (directive)
WIFI Wireless Fidelity
在制品 Work in Progress
WLAN Wireless Local Area Network
XML Extensible Markup Language
YTD Year To Date
TAT Turn-Around Time
RPM Revenue Performance Management
RPM Revolutions Per Minute
RPM Revenue Per Mille (thousand)
RPM Package Manager (Linux - initially Red Hat)
CPM Cost Per Mille (thousand impressions)
CPM Corporate Performance Management
关键绩效指标 Key Performance Indicator
CPC 每次点击费用

Use the form on the right to suggest the acronyms we may have missed.

Top must-know acronyms in 创新 和 产品设计:

BOM, CAPA, CAPEX, COGS, Cpk, DFMEA, DfSS, DHF, DHR, DMAIC, DMR, DOE, DV, ERP, FIFO, FMEA, GD&T, GMP, HACCP, IFU, IQ, JIT, KPI, MOQ, MTBF, NDA, OPEX, OQ, PDCA, PDM, PFMEA, PM, PMO, ppm, PQ, QFD, QMS, ROI, SMED, UI, UX, V&V, WIP, YTD

External Links on Manufacturing, Production and Quality Glossary

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涵盖的主题: Acronyms, Product Design, R&D, Manufacturing, Mechanics, Statistics, Standards, Project Management, Lean, Process Organization, Quality, Finance, IT, ASME, ASTM, AWS, and BS..

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