
海水淡化是一门工业和工程学科,旨在从海水或微咸地下水中去除溶解的盐分和矿物质,以生产饮用水或灌溉用水。目前,海水淡化为中东、北非、亚洲沿海地区以及越来越多的南欧和美洲缺水地区的 1 亿多人提供淡水。
Reverse osmosis (RO) dominates current installed capacity, pushing saline feedwater at high pressure across thin-film composite polyamide membranes whose selectivity, fouling resistance, and boron rejection rates remain active material science research fronts; thermal processes — multi-stage flash distillation and multi-effect distillation — retain relevance where waste heat from power generation is available as a cost-free energy input. The field’s central engineering constraint is specific energy consumption: state-of-the-art RO plants with pressure exchanger-based energy recovery now approach the 热力学 海水淡化的最低要求,使得竞争差异化转向膜寿命、进水设计和浓盐水管理,其中排放毒性和海洋环境问题尤为突出。 生态系统 影响引发了更严格的监管审查。
Emerging process architectures — forward 渗透作用, membrane distillation, capacitive deionization, and graphene oxide or aquaporin-based membranes — target niche feedwater chemistries or off-grid renewable-powered configurations where conventional RO economics break down.
以下索引的出版物和专利涵盖了这一完整领域,从膜合成和组件工程到系统热力学、盐水增值利用、可再生能源耦合以及决定工厂可行性的水文地质场地评估:
这是我们最新精选的全球英文脱盐相关出版物和专利,涵盖众多科学在线期刊,并按反渗透、脱盐、海水脱盐、苦咸水脱盐、反渗透膜污染、薄膜复合膜、反渗透能量回收装置、压力交换器脱盐、多级闪蒸、多效蒸馏、电渗析脱盐、正渗透、膜蒸馏、电容去离子、脱盐浓盐水处理、浓盐水管理、太阳能反渗透、风力脱盐、核能脱盐、脱盐能耗、反渗透比能耗、反渗透膜硼去除率和反渗透渗透液回收率等主题进行分类和整理。
Electrodialysis system including ion exchange resin and salt separation method using same
Patent published on the 2026-10-07 in EP under Ref EP4817724 by SK INNOVATION CO LTD [KR] (Lee Tea Young [kr], Moon Yong Geal [kr])
Abstract: [0001] An electrodialysis system is proposed. The electrodialysis system includes an anode and a cathode, a plurality of alternating cation exchange membranes and anion exchange membranes disposed between the anode and the cathode, the alternating cation exchange membranes and anion exchange membranes forming a desalination chamber, a concentration chamber, and an electrode chamber within the system, and a mixed ion exchange resin disposed between the electrode chamber and the adjacent concentra[...]
Our summary: The electrodialysis system includes an anode, cathode, and alternating cation and anion exchange membranes. A mixed ion exchange resin is positioned between the electrode chamber and adjacent concentration chambers. This configuration facilitates efficient salt separation and desalination processes.
Electrodialysis, Ion Exchange Resin, Desalination, Salt Separation
Patent
System and method embodiments for treating produced water using supercritical water desalination coupled with supercritical water oxidation
Patent published on the 2026-10-06 in US under Ref US12753101 by TRIAD NAT SECURITY LLC [US] (Sharan Prashant [us], Findikoglu Alp Tugrul [us], Currier Robert Patrick [us], Singh Rajinder [us])
Abstract: Disclosed herein are embodiments of a system that combines supercritical water desalination with supercritical water oxidation in an integrated system. Also disclosed are method embodiments for utilizing the system and for producing purified water using the combination of supercritical water desalination with supercritical water oxidation. In particular embodiments, the method results in zero liquid discharge and the system can be used to generate purified water in combination with electricity.[...]
Our summary: The system integrates supercritical water desalination with supercritical water oxidation. Method embodiments produce purified water while achieving zero liquid discharge. The system can also generate purified water alongside electricity.
supercritical water, desalination, oxidation, zero liquid discharge
Patent
Method for dehydrating raw-material liquid stream and system for dehydrating raw-material liquid stream
Patent published on the 2026-09-10 in WO under Ref WO2026186895 by ASAHI CHEMICAL IND [JP] (Osaki Takahiro [jp], Katayama Yuji [jp], Baba Takahiro [jp], Kawai Yoshiki [jp])
Abstract: A method for dehydrating a raw-material liquid stream is provided, the method comprising causing a raw-material liquid stream including water and an organic solvent and an induction liquid stream to flow countercurrently or cocurrently with a forward osmosis membrane interposed therebetween and moving the water contained in the raw-material liquid stream to the induction liquid stream through the forward osmosis membrane, thereby obtaining both a dehydrated raw-material liquid stream, which is t[...]
Our summary: A method for dehydrating a raw-material liquid stream using forward osmosis is described. The process involves countercurrent or cocurrent flow of the liquid streams through a semipermeable membrane. This results in a dehydrated raw-material liquid stream and a hydrated induction liquid stream.
dehydration, forward osmosis, membrane technology, liquid stream
Patent
Intelligent plant for clean thermal desalination of seawater and brackish water for the generation of drinking water
Patent published on the 2026-08-31 in MA under Ref MA70848 by HARMONY TECH [MA] (El Bhiri Brahim [ma], Guissi Khalid [ma], El Fellah Youness [ma], Baadi Mohamed [ma], Bouzoui Mohammed [ma])
Abstract: The present invention contributes to the field of seawater and brackish groundwater desalination through the development of a smart, innovative, and sustainable solution enabling improved technology for drinking water production. This technology relates to a clean thermal desalination process using phase change. The system is designed to extract and desalinate a significant flow of seawater and brackish groundwater in an eco-efficient manner. It combines efficient desalination technologies with [...]
Our summary: This invention presents an intelligent system for clean thermal desalination of seawater and brackish water. It utilizes renewable energy and advanced AI algorithms for real-time monitoring and optimization. The modular design ensures sustainability and minimal environmental impact while improving access to drinking water.
Desalination, Renewable Energy, Artificial Intelligence, Eco-efficiency
Patent
Process for producing green hydrogen and by-products from domestic effluent using bio-catalysis
Patent published on the 2026-08-26 in GB under Ref GB2704134 by NATHAN JAMES RELTON [GB] (Nathan James Relton [gb])
Abstract: The invention provides a reactor unit that utilises a biocatalytic membrane to remove and break down urea content in waste effluent that that flows into the reactor unit. The biocatalytic membrane is a reverse osmosis membrane with a graphene oxide layer thereon. Fixed onto the graphene oxide layer are enzymes used to catalyse the breakdown of urea into various chemical products. The enzymes are modified urease enzymes that break down the urea content in wastewater, releasing nitrogen, oxygen an[...]
Our summary: The process produces green hydrogen and by-products from domestic effluent using a biocatalytic membrane. Urea in wastewater is broken down by modified urease enzymes, releasing nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen. The remaining carbon particulates form sludge, which is processed for carbon black recovery.
green hydrogen, biocatalysis, wastewater treatment, graphene oxide
Patent
Pure water production apparatus
Patent published on the 2026-08-20 in WO under Ref WO2026172700 by ORGANO CORP [JP] (Shibasaki Kenji [jp], Sasaki Keisuke [jp])
Abstract: This pure water production apparatus is characterized by comprising: a deionized water production device 1 having a desalination chamber 1a and a concentration chamber 1b; and a booster pump 8 connected to an outlet of the concentration chamber 1b.[...]
Our summary: The apparatus produces pure water using a deionized water production device with desalination and concentration chambers. A booster pump is connected to the outlet of the concentration chamber. This setup enhances water purification efficiency.
deionization, desalination, booster pump, water purification
Patent
Carbon dioxide emissions elimination for reverse osmosis desalination units of remote islands via photovoltaic and battery solution. The case of Karpathos Island
Published on 2026-06-06 by @OXFORD
Abstract: AbstractRecently, the imperative water demand problem of small islands in the South-East Mediterranean area is being faced with the development and operation of new reverse osmosis (RO) desalination plants at high operational and environmental cost. One of the most serious RO desalination unit’s problems is their high-energy demand. This water demand coincides with the electricity demand, both peaked during the summer imposing the existing local electrical power stations to operate near their [...]
Our summary: This study explores the integration of photovoltaic systems and battery storage to power reverse osmosis desalination units on Karpathos Island. It addresses high energy demands and carbon emissions associated with traditional diesel power. The proposed solution aims to enhance clean energy autonomy while minimizing operational costs and environmental impact.
photovoltaic, desalination, carbon emissions, battery storage
Publication
PSS composite sponge for solar-driven water purification and dye removal for environmental sustainability
Published on 2026-05-21 by Chung-Wei Huang, Wei-Cheng Jhao, Yu-Jen Liang, Meng-Fang Lin, Yu-Sheng Hsiao @NATURE
Abstract: Polymer Journal, Published online: 21 May 2026; doi:10.1038/s41428-026-01188-zA 3D macroporous MWCNT/PEDOT: PSS composite sponge, fabricated via freeze-drying, enables efficient solar-driven interfacial water evaporation (SIWE) through optimized light absorption, wettability, and water transport. The engineered porous architecture enhances solar–thermal management while facilitating rapid water uptake. Simultaneously, the sponge exhibits high adsorption capacities for organic dyes and strong a[...]
Our summary: A 3D macroporous MWCNT/PEDOT: PSS composite sponge enables efficient solar-driven interfacial water evaporation. It enhances solar–thermal management and facilitates rapid water uptake. The sponge also demonstrates high dye adsorption capacities and strong antifouling properties for sustainable water purification.
PSS, composite sponge, solar-driven purification, environmental sustainability
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