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地源热泵(GSHP)

1948
  • Robert C. Webber
地源热泵系统在住宅能源技术应用中的应用。

(图片仅供参考)

地源热泵 泵 地源热泵(GSHP)是一种中央供暖和制冷系统,它利用地下的热量进行供暖和制冷。冬季,它利用地球相对恒定的地下温度作为热源;夏季,它利用地下的热量作为冷源。这种高热惯性使得地源热泵具有极高的效率,并拥有高且稳定的性能系数(COP)。

地源热泵 泵 system capitalizes on the stable temperature of the earth a few meters below the surface, which remains relatively constant year-round (typically 10-16°C or 50-60°F) regardless of the ambient air temperature. This provides a significant efficiency advantage over conventional air-source heat pumps, which must exchange heat with outdoor air that can be extremely cold in winter and hot in summer.

The system consists of three main parts: the heat pump unit itself, a liquid heat exchange medium (the ‘ground loop’), and an air delivery system (ductwork). The ground loop is a series of pipes, commonly made of high-density 聚乙烯, buried in the ground near the building. It can be installed in horizontal trenches or vertical boreholes. A water or antifreeze solution is circulated through these pipes to absorb heat from the ground in winter and transfer it to the heat pump. The heat pump then concentrates this heat and delivers it to the building. In summer, the process is reversed: the heat pump extracts heat from the building’s interior and transfers it to the fluid in the ground loop, which then dissipates it into the cooler earth. Because the temperature difference between the source/sink (the ground) and the desired indoor temperature is smaller and more stable, the GSHP operates with a much higher and more consistent COP than its air-source counterparts.

UNESCO Nomenclature: 3313
能源技术

类型

物理系统

中断

递增

用法

广泛使用

前体

  • 开尔文勋爵的热泵理论概念
  • 既定用途 蒸汽压缩式制冷循环
  • 水井和采矿钻井技术的进步
  • 开发聚乙烯等耐用塑料管道材料

应用程序

  • 高效住宅供暖和制冷
  • 大型商业建筑(如学校和办公楼)的暖通空调系统
  • 区域供热和制冷网络
  • 农业温室温度控制
  • 工业过程中的加热和冷却,需要稳定的温度。

专利:

  • US Patent 2533447 (Robert C. Webber, 1950)

潜在创新理念

  • 用于垂直钻孔的热增强灌浆材料,可改善回路与土壤之间的热传递。
  • 采用定向钻井技术安装地埋管路,最大限度减少对地表的扰动,是现有物业改造的理想选择。
  • 混合式地源热泵系统,结合冷却塔或太阳能集热器,以辅助应对高峰负荷。
  • ‘energy pile’ foundations that integrate ground loop pipes directly into a building’s structural piles
  • 直接交换式(DX)地源热泵系统通过埋地铜管直接循环制冷剂,无需水循环。
  • 为整个社区提供分布式地源热泵网络,其运行方式类似于热力发电。
  • 地源热泵系统旨在将夏季制冷产生的废热储存在地下,以供冬季供暖使用。
  • 埋设在接地回路中的无线传感器用于监测实时热性能
  • 与地暖系统集成,实现最大程度的舒适性和效率
  • 用于建筑工地或户外活动的移动式地源热泵机组,可实现临时气候控制
相关术语:地源热泵、GSHP、地热能、地埋管路、热交换器、能源效率、可再生供暖、COP、地球能源、HVAC。

历史背景

地源热泵(GSHP)

1940
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1940
1948
1950
1950
1950
1940
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1940
1945-01-01
1949
1950
1950
1950

(如果日期未知或不相关,例如“流体力学”,则提供其显著出现的近似估计)

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