मूल्य-आधारित डिज़ाइन

Value-driven design aims at the required function and reliability for a target cost. It starts from what the user values, removes cost and complexity that add no value, and verifies the result before launch. Value analysis and value engineering are its core methods. See उत्पाद मूल्य विश्लेषण अवलोकन.

Value analysis reviews an existing product to remove cost that adds no function. Value engineering applies the same thinking during design, before the cost is committed. Both ask what each function is worth and what it costs. See उत्पाद मूल्य विश्लेषण अवलोकन.

Remove the functions and parts that the user does not value, simplify and standardize parts, and design for manufacture and assembly. Protect safety and critical-to-quality features. How to Reduce Product Cost by 15% gives an example.

Verification checks that the product meets its specification: did we build it right? Validation checks that it meets the real need of the user: did we build the right thing? See सत्यापन बनाम प्रमाणीकरण.

A design review is a structured check of a design against its requirements and known risks, held at planned gates. Include design, manufacturing, quality, purchasing and, where relevant, service and regulatory affairs. The डिज़ाइन समीक्षा चेकलिस्ट और यह डिज़ाइन समीक्षा वृक्ष give a structure.

FMEA lists failure modes with their effects and causes and ranks them by risk priority number. FMECA adds a criticality analysis that ranks the modes by the probability and severity of their consequences. See FMEA और FMECA.

It shows the failure rate over the life of a product: high early failures, a low and stable period, then rising wear-out failures. Design, screening and maintenance each address a different part of the curve. See Understanding the Bathtub Curve and Product Life Failure.

It defines an item by its physical form, how it fits with other parts and the function it performs. When all three stay identical, parts are interchangeable. See Form Fit and Function Analysis.