Programming Languages Standards

The days of Fortran and LISP are almost gone. As of 2025, the 8 most used programming languages are currently:

• Python: renowned for its readability and simplicity, Python is extensively used in web development, data analysis, artificial intelligence, and scientific research. Its vast standard library and supportive community make it a top choice for both beginners and professionals.
• C++: known for its high performance and efficiency, C++ is commonly used in system/software development, game development, and applications requiring real-time processing.
• C: as one of the oldest and most influential languages, C provides low-level access to memory and is widely used in embedded systems, operating systems, and high-performance computing.
• Java: designed for portability across platforms, Java is extensively used in enterprise solutions, web applications, and Android app development. Its “write once, run anywhere” philosophy has contributed to its enduring popularity.
• C#: developed by Microsoft, C# is prevalent in developing Windows applications, game development using Unity, and enterprise software. Its integration with the .NET framework offers a robust environment for application development.
• JavaScript: essential for web development, JavaScript enables interactive and dynamic content on web pages. Beyond front-end development, its use extends to server-side development through environments like Node.js.
• Ruby: emphasizing simplicity and productivity, Ruby is often associated with web development, particularly with the Ruby on Rails framework, which streamlines web application development.
• PHP: widely used for server-side web development, PHP powers many websites and has been integral in creating dynamic web page content.

Find bellow an extensive list of applicable standards or de-facto standards or specifications for most programming applications:

Note: this tree is partially automatically generated and is intended for a first global approach. Do double-check the requirements and completeness (exemple of mistake: listing the rare earth metals standard for an MRI is not appropriate. An MRI has no real magnet.)

Refer to the standards official organisations listed in our tool directory.