の トヨタ生産方式 is founded on the complete elimination of waste, categorized into 7 types, 3 main being described here: ムダ (付加価値のない作業) ムリ (上載荷重) Mura (unevenness). While Muda is the most commonly discussed, TPS recognizes that Muri and Mura are often the root causes of Muda and must be addressed first to achieve a truly lean system.











