Product Design, Manufacturing & Innovation Resources
家 » 有理数

有理数

-550
古代学者在历史教室里用石板演示有理数。.

(图片仅供参考)

有理数是指任何能表示为分数或商[latex]p/q[/latex]的数,其中[latex]p[/latex]是整数,[latex]q[/latex]是非零整数。 所有有理数的集合记作\mathbb{Q}。这一基础概念将整数体系扩展至包含分数,从而能够表示整体的若干部分。.

The concept of a rational number arises from the need to measure quantities that are not whole multiples of a unit. In mathematics, it formalizes the idea of a ratio between two integers. A rational number is formally defined as an equivalence class of ordered pairs of integers [latex](p, q)[/latex] with [latex]q \neq 0[/latex]. The equivalence relation is defined as [latex](p_1, q_1) \sim (p_2, q_2)[/latex] if and only if [latex]p_1 q_2 = p_2 q_1[/latex]. This means, for example, that the fractions 1/2, 2/4, and -3/-6 all represent the same rational number.

Every integer is a rational number, since any integer [latex]n[/latex] can be written as the fraction [latex]n/1[/latex]. The set of rational numbers, denoted by [latex]\mathbb{Q}[/latex] (for ‘quotient’), is therefore a superset of the integers [latex]\mathbb{Z}[/latex]. Unlike integers, rational numbers are not uniquely represented; each rational number has infinitely many fractional forms. The form where [latex]p[/latex] and [latex]q[/latex] are coprime (have no common divisors other than 1) and [latex]q > 0[/latex] is called the canonical or lowest terms representation.

The development of this concept was not immediate. Ancient Egyptians used a system of unit fractions, but the Greeks, particularly the Pythagoreans, were among the first to systematically study ratios of integers. Their worldview was shaken by the discovery of irrational numbers, such as the 2的平方根, which could not be expressed as such a ratio. This discovery highlighted the distinction between rational and irrational numbers, a cornerstone of number theory.

UNESCO Nomenclature: 1101
– 代数、数论与群论

类型

抽象系统

中断

基础

用法

广泛使用

前体

  • 整数的概念
  • 部门运作
  • 古埃及对单位分数的使用
  • 巴比伦六十进制分数系统

应用程序

  • 工程和科学中的测量和尺度变换
  • 涉及单位分数的财务计算
  • 用于精确算术的计算机编程数据类型
  • 音乐理论中音程和和声的表示
  • 利用概率论定义事件发生的可能性

专利:

NA

潜在创新理念

  • 一种基于寻找分子/分母极大的分数的标准形式的难度而建立的密码系统
  • 一种将浮点数据表示为有理近似值的数据压缩算法
  • 一种利用有理数域避免浮点误差的风险分析金融建模工具
  • 一个 编程语言 with native support for rational arithmetic to enhance precision in scientific computing
  • 一款利用有理数来探索微音阶和复杂节奏的音乐创作软件
  • 一种用于符号回归的人工智能模型,能够以有理函数的形式发现物理定律。
  • 一种利用有理数模式创建复杂几何图案的数字面料设计工具
  • 一种采用有理数运动学的高精度机器人控制系统,可消除累积舍入误差
  • 一种使用基于有理数的分组划分来优化数据路由的网络协议
  • 一个 医学成像 reconstruction algorithm that uses rational functions for more accurate modeling of tissue densities
Related to: rational number, fraction, integer, quotient, ratio, number theory, mathematics, p/q, set Q, arithmetic.

历史背景

有理数

-300
-550
1750
1790
1800
1844
1874
-300
-450
1585
1779
1799
1801
1850
1875

(如果日期未知或不相关,例如“流体力学”,则提供其显著出现的近似估计)

第十年 周年纪念日

只有注册会员才能免费获取完整尺寸的图片和下载内容。

> 登录 <