Measurement via the Standard Hydrogen Electrode (SHE)
The absolute electrochemical potential of a single electrode cannot be measured. Instead, potentials are measured relative to a universally accepted reference. The Standard Hydrogen Electrode
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Lead-Acid Battery Chemistry
The first commercially successful rechargeable battery. It uses a lead (Pb) anode, a lead dioxide (PbO₂) cathode, and a sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) electrolyte. During discharge,
Electrochemical Reaction in the Voltaic Pile
The electric current in a Voltaic pile is produced by a redox reaction. At the zinc anode, zinc metal is oxidized, releasing two electrons per
Redox in Cellular Respiration
Cellular respiration is a series of redox reactions where organic molecules, like glucose, are oxidized to release energy. Glucose ([latex]C_6H_{12}O_6[/latex]) is oxidized to [latex]CO_2[/latex], while
Chloralkali Process
The chloralkali process is an industrial method for the electrolysis of sodium chloride (NaCl) solution, known as brine. It is the primary source for producing
Hall-Héroult Process
The Hall-Héroult process is the major industrial method for smelting aluminum. It involves dissolving alumina (aluminum oxide, Al₂O₃) in molten cryolite (Na₃AlF₆) and electrolyzing the
Half-Reaction Method
Complex redox reactions can be balanced using the half-reaction method. The overall reaction is split into two separate half-reactions: one for oxidation and one for
Electrolysis of Water
The electrolysis of water is the decomposition of water (H₂O) into its constituent elements, oxygen (O₂) and hydrogen (H₂), by passing an electric current through
The Wave Equation (physics)
A second-order linear hyperbolic partial differential equation that governs the propagation of various types of waves. In its simplest form, it is written as [latex]\frac{\partial^2
The Five Platonic Solids
The Platonic solids are the only five convex regular polyhedra: a regular polyhedron has congruent regular polygonal faces and the same number of faces meeting
