The “Big Five” are five major extinction events in Earth’s history where over 75% of species disappeared in a geologically short interval. Identified by Jack Sepkoski and David M. Raup, they are the Ordovician–Silurian, Late Devonian, Permian–Triassic, Triassic–Jurassic, and 白垩纪-古近纪 事件。这些事件深刻地重塑了生物圈,为新生命形式的辐射创造了机会。.





