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产品生命周期管理 (PLM)

1990
Engineers collaborating on product life cycle management software in an industrial workspace.

(图片仅供参考)

产品 生命周期 Management (PLM) is a distinct business strategy focused on managing the entire lifecycle of a product from its conception, through design and manufacture, to service and disposal. Unlike the marketing-focused PLC model, PLM is an engineering and supply chain-centric approach, often managed with specialized software, that integrates data, processes, business systems, and people across an extended enterprise.

Product Life Cycle Management (PLM) provides the digital backbone for a product’s entire journey. It is not merely a theory but a practical, technology-driven methodology. At its core, PLM systems create a single, authoritative source of truth for all product-related information. This includes computer-aided design (计算机辅助设计) data, manufacturing instructions (CAM), bills of materials (BOMs), engineering change orders (ECOs), quality specifications, and supplier details. The lifecycle in PLM is typically divided into three main phases: Beginning of Life (BOL), which covers conception, design, and manufacturing; Middle of Life (MOL), which includes service, maintenance, and in-market use; and End of Life (EOL), which deals with retirement, recycling, or disposal. By centralizing this information, PLM facilitates collaboration between disparate teams—such as engineering, marketing, manufacturing, and procurement—often located across the globe. This integration helps to reduce development time, minimize errors, improve quality, and ensure regulatory compliance. For example, if an engineer updates a component design, the PLM system automatically notifies the purchasing department to source the new part and the manufacturing team to update their assembly instructions, creating a seamless digital thread.

PLM 的概念源于早期的产品数据管理 (PDM) 等系统,这些系统主要侧重于管理工程数据(主要是 CAD 文件)。PLM 扩展了其范围,涵盖了围绕产品的整个业务流程。其发展深受汽车和航空航天等复杂制造业需求的影响,这些行业需要无缝协调成千上万的零部件和众多供应商。全球供应链的兴起和产品复杂性的不断增加,使 PLM 成为一项重要的战略工具,而不仅仅是一个 IT 解决方案。

UNESCO Nomenclature: 3308
工业技术与管理

类型

Software/Algorithm

中断

Foundational

用法

广泛使用

前体

  • 产品数据管理(PDM)系统
  • 计算机集成制造(CIM)
  • 计算机辅助设计 (CAD) 和计算机辅助制造 (CAM)
  • 企业资源规划(ERP)系统
  • 物料需求计划(MRP)

应用程序

  • 航空航天和国防制造
  • 汽车工业设计与生产
  • 消费电子产品开发
  • 医疗器械 工程与合规
  • 服装和鞋类设计和采购

专利:

NA

潜在创新理念

  • 面向中小型企业的基于云的 PLM 平台
  • 将来自在用产品的物联网数据集成回 PLM 系统,以改进设计
  • ‘digital twin’ simulations within plm to test products before physical prototyping
  • 利用人工智能分析 PLM 数据,预测组件故障或供应链中断
  • 区块链集成,实现组件和材料的安全透明跟踪
  • plm systems tailored for the 循环经济, managing 拆卸 and material reuse
  • 工厂工人可以通过增强现实界面访问装配线上的 PLM 数据
  • 在 PLM 中自动检查国际法规的合规性
  • 用于软件开发的 plm(应用程序生命周期管理)
  • 与 PLM 集成的生成设计工具,用于创建优化的产品概念
相关领域:PLM、产品数据管理、工程、制造、供应链、CAD、CAM、物料清单、数字线程、生命周期管理。

历史背景

产品生命周期管理 (PLM)

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(如果日期未知或不相关,例如“流体力学”,则提供其显著出现的近似估计)

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