To describe the phenomenon where humanoid replicas or animations that appear almost, but not exactly, like real human beings elicit feelings of unease, revulsion, or strangeness in observers.
- 方法： 客户与市场营销, 工程, 人体工程学, 产品设计
神奇谷
神奇谷
- A/B 测试, 可持续性设计, 设计思维, Human-Centered Design, 人机交互, 交互设计, 机器人技术, 用户体验（UX）, 用户界面（UI）
目标
如何使用
- 机器人、动画角色或虚拟化身的设计者运用这一概念来理解：随着与人类相似度的提高，亲和力也会随之提高，但这种提高是有极限的。如果相似度非常接近但并非完美，亲和力可能会急剧下降，进入“恐怖谷”，之后才会随着接近完美的真实感而再次上升。
优点
- 帮助设计师预测并可能避免用户对逼真的人工智能角色产生负面情绪反应，为机器人和 CGI 中追求逼真程度的决策提供信息，并指导审美选择以保持用户舒适度。
缺点
- “山谷”的确切位置和深度因人而异，因文化而异，要达到完美逼真的效果以逃离山谷极其困难且成本高昂，刻意风格化的设计往往更具吸引力，并且可以避免这个问题。
类别
- 客户与市场营销, 工程, 人体工程学, 产品设计
最适合：
- Designing realistic humanoid robots, CGI characters for films and games, and virtual avatars, to avoid negative emotional responses from users by managing the degree of human likeness.
The Uncanny Valley concept applies significantly in industries such as robotics, video game development, animated films, virtual reality, and human-computer interaction design, where developing interactions that evoke emotional connections is fundamental. In the robotics sector, engineers and designers often collaborate during the prototyping phase to assess and optimize the human likeness in robots intended for companionship, healthcare, or service roles, ensuring that the designs promote comfort and trust rather than discomfort that arises from an unsettling level of realism. In animation, creators frequently utilize the Uncanny Valley principle during character design, adjusting features and movements of digital avatars and animated characters to maximize viewer empathy and avoid creating figures that feel lifeless or alien, as seen in successful animated films that balance stylization and realism. In the context of virtual reality, designers consider the likeness of avatars to enhance engagement in immersive experiences, incorporating feedback mechanisms to gauge user reactions and adjust designs accordingly. Diverse stakeholders, including psychologists, ethicists, and cultural consultants, often engage in the design process to ensure a comprehensive understanding of audience expectations and emotional responses to different levels of character realism, contributing valuable perspectives based on human behavior and societal norms.
该方法的关键步骤
- 分析现有的人形机器人设计，找出能够增强或削弱用户亲和力的特征。
- 开发具有不同程度人类相似度的角色原型，以观察用户反应。
- 对目标受众进行迭代测试，重点关注不同现实程度下的情感反应。
- 确定亲和力急剧下降的阈值点，并据此改进设计。
- 将反馈意见融入设计过程，以最大限度地减少恐怖谷效应。
- 探索既能保持用户参与度又能避免过于接近人类的替代设计方案。
- 在多个阶段重新评估设计，以确保符合用户的舒适度和接受度。
专业提示
- 使用不同程度的拟人化程度进行用户测试，以找出引起不适的具体因素。
- 在早期设计中融入夸张的特征，以平衡真实性和亲和力，从而保持用户参与度。
- 利用情绪反应追踪技术，收集用户在角色互动过程中的细微反应反馈。
历史背景
（如果日期未知或不相关，例如“流体力学”，则提供其显著出现的近似估计）
