广义相对论预言,一个质量巨大的旋转物体会“拖拽”周围的时空结构,这种现象被称为参考系拖拽或伦斯-蒂林效应。这意味着围绕旋转物体运行的陀螺仪会发生进动,这并非由于任何外力矩的作用,而是因为时空本身被物体的旋转所扭曲。

(图片仅供参考)
广义相对论预言,一个质量巨大的旋转物体会“拖拽”周围的时空结构,这种现象被称为参考系拖拽或伦斯-蒂林效应。这意味着围绕旋转物体运行的陀螺仪会发生进动,这并非由于任何外力矩的作用,而是因为时空本身被物体的旋转所扭曲。
当爱因斯坦场方程应用于旋转物体时,伦斯-蒂林效应会产生一种微妙的后果。非旋转物体会使时空静态弯曲(由史瓦西度规描述),而旋转物体则会给时空引入“扭曲”。这类似于一个在蜂蜜等粘性流体中旋转的球体;球体附近的流体会被其旋转拖拽。在参考系拖拽中,时空本身也会被拖拽。这种效应极其微弱。对于地球而言,极地轨道上陀螺仪的预测进动量仅为每年约42毫角秒。
The most definitive confirmation came from the Gravity Probe B (GP-B) satellite mission, launched in 2004. GP-B used four ultra-precise gyroscopes in a polar orbit. After years of data analysis, the science team announced in 2011 that they had measured the frame-dragging effect to within 19% of the value predicted by general relativity. The effect is much more pronounced near rapidly rotating, extremely massive objects like black holes and neutron stars. Frame-dragging plays a crucial role in the 天体物理学 of these objects, influencing the behavior of accretion disks and potentially providing a mechanism for launching powerful relativistic jets from the poles of active galactic nuclei.
帧拖曳(镜头-蒂林效应)
(如果日期未知或不相关,例如“流体力学”,则提供其显著出现的近似估计)
只有注册会员才能免费获得 100% 的全尺寸图片和下载。.
> 登录 <