IL Pythagorean theorem provides the basis for the distance formula in Cartesian coordinates. The distance [latex]d[/latex] between two points [latex](x_1, y_1)[/latex] and [latex](x_2, y_2)[/latex] in a plane is given by [latex]d = \sqrt{(x_2 – x_1)^2 + (y_2 – y_1)^2}[/latex]. This formula is a direct application of the theorem to a right triangle whose legs are the differences in the x and y coordinates.

















