Las metodologías más completas para la ideación, la gestión de proyectos, la gestión de riesgos, la ergonomía, el diseño de productos y la fabricación ajustada.
Within the domain of product design, these 180+ professional methodologies offer the largest collection of articles and resources that delineate various methodologies and tools relevant to ideation, innovation, ergonomics, and manufacturing. This centralized repository permits to access and compare systematic approaches, such as Form, Análisis de ajuste y funcionamiento (FFF), diseño modular, Pruebas A/By el pensamiento de diseño.
Las herramientas enumeradas pretenden informar sobre técnicas para crear nuevos productos o mejorar los existentes, detallando procesos que pueden conducir a una mayor facilidad de uso, una reducción de los costes de producción y la alineación con prácticas sostenibles. Sirven de apoyo en distintas fases del desarrollo de productos, desde la generación del concepto inicial y la priorización de características hasta la garantía de calidad y pertinencia para el mercado.
Nota: Las metodologías globales (ISO 9000, Gestión de la Calidad Total, Diseño para la Fabricación, Lean Manufacturing, Seis Sigma...) no están incluidas en las fichas comparativas de abajo, pero tienen entradas en este sitio y pueden buscarse con el menú o con la lupa de arriba a la derecha.
Visual Management
- Andon System, Mejora continua, Indicador clave de rendimiento (KPI), Fabricación ajustada, Mejora de los procesos, Mapeo de procesos, Control de calidad, Gestión de la calidad, Diseño visual
Objetivo:
To make information about processes, performance, normas, and problems immediately apparent and easily understandable to everyone in the workplace.
Cómo se utiliza:
- Uses visual tools such as charts, graphs, color-coding, dashboards, shadow boards, and Andon lights to display critical information in real-time, enabling quick identification of abnormalities and facilitating rapid response.
Pros
- Improves communication and transparency; Facilitates quick problem identification and decision-making; Enhances employee engagement and accountability; Supports standardization and continuous improvement.
Cons
- Can lead to information overload if not well-designed or focused; Visuals can become outdated if not diligently maintained; May require initial investment in displays and materials; Effectiveness depends on a supportive culture that acts on the visual cues.
Categorías:
- Recursos Humanos, Lean Sigma, Fabricación, Gestión de proyectos, Calidad
Lo mejor para:
- Communicating key information clearly and concisely using visual signals to enable immediate understanding and action in the workplace.
Total Productive Maintenance (TPM)
- Mejora continua, Fabricación ajustada, Producción ajustada, Mantenimiento, Eficacia global de los equipos (OEE), Mejora de los procesos, Productividad, Gestión de la calidad, Seguridad
Objetivo:
To achieve near-perfect production (no breakdowns, no small stops or slow running, no defects, and no accidents) through a proactive, holistic approach involving all employees in equipment maintenance.
Cómo se utiliza:
- A system of maintaining and improving the integrity of production and quality systems through machines, equipment, processes, and employees that will add business value to an organization. It emphasizes empowering operators to help maintain their equipment (autonomous maintenance).
Pros
- Increases equipment effectiveness (OEE) and reliability; Reduces downtime and maintenance costs; Improves safety and product quality; Enhances employee involvement and morale.
Cons
- Requires a significant cultural shift and long-term commitment; Can be costly and time-consuming to implement fully; Requires extensive training for operators and maintenance staff.
Categorías:
- Ingeniería, Recursos Humanos, Lean Sigma, Fabricación, Calidad
Lo mejor para:
- Maximizing equipment effectiveness and lifespan through a comprehensive, proactive maintenance strategy involving all employees.
Takt Time
- Mejora continua, Justo a tiempo (JIT), Fabricación ajustada, Optimización de procesos, Eficacia de la producción, Mapeo del flujo de valor
Objetivo:
To synchronize the pace of production with the rate of customer demand.
Cómo se utiliza:
- Calculated as available production time divided by customer demand over a specific period. It sets the "rhythm" or "beat" at which products need to be completed to meet customer requirements.
Pros
- Ensures production is aligned with customer demand, preventing overproduction or underproduction; Helps identify bottlenecks and areas where capacity doesn't match demand; Facilitates production smoothing (heijunka).
Cons
- Requires accurate demand forecasting and stable production times; Can be challenging to apply in high-variety, low-volume environments or where demand is highly erratic; External factors can easily disrupt a takt-based system.
Categorías:
- Lean Sigma, Fabricación, Gestión de proyectos
Lo mejor para:
- Matching the rate of production directly to the rate of customer demand to ensure efficient flow and resource utilization.
Swimlane Process Map
- Reingeniería de procesos empresariales (BPR), Mejora continua, Colaboración interfuncional, Fabricación ajustada, Mejora de los procesos, Mapeo de procesos, Optimización de procesos, Garantía de calidad, Gestión de la calidad
Objetivo:
To depict a process flow, clearly delineating the responsibilities and handoffs between different departments, roles, or systems.
Cómo se utiliza:
- A type of flowchart that organizes process steps into parallel "lanes," with each lane representing a specific actor or functional area. This visualizes who does what and where interactions occur.
Pros
- Clearly shows roles, responsibilities, and handoffs; Helps identify bottlenecks, redundancies, and communication gaps between groups; Improves clarity and understanding of complex processes involving multiple stakeholders.
Cons
- Can become cluttered if there are too many lanes or complex interactions; May require significant effort to create and maintain, especially for rapidly changing processes; Focus is primarily on "who" and "what," less on "how well."
Categorías:
- Recursos Humanos, Fabricación, Resolución de problemas, Diseño de productos, Gestión de proyectos
Lo mejor para:
- Clearly illustrating how a process flows across different functional areas or roles, highlighting responsibilities and interactions.
Standardized Work
- Mejora continua, Kaizen, Fabricación ajustada, Producción ajustada, Mejora de los procesos, Control de calidad, Gestión de la calidad, Formación
Objetivo:
To establish the most efficient, safe, and consistent método for performing a task or process, ensuring predictable and high-quality outcomes.
Cómo se utiliza:
- Involves documenting the precise sequence of operations, takt time, standard work-in-process, and safety precautions for a job. This documented standard becomes the baseline for continuous improvement and training.
Pros
- Ensures consistency and reduces variability in processes; Improves quality, productivity, and safety; Provides a basis for training and auditing; Facilitates problem identification and kaizen (continuous improvement).
Cons
- Can be perceived as rigid or stifling creativity if not implemented with a continuous improvement mindset; Requires effort to develop and maintain standards, especially in dynamic environments; Initial resistance from operators accustomed to their own methods is possible.
Categorías:
- Recursos Humanos, Lean Sigma, Fabricación, Calidad
Lo mejor para:
- Establishing and maintaining the best-known way to perform a task to ensure consistency, quality, and a foundation for improvement.
Stakeholder Analysis
- Metodología ágil, Gestión del cambio, Mejora continua, Gestión de proyectos, Gestión de riesgos, Trabajo en equipo, Diseño centrado en el usuario
Objetivo:
To identify all individuals, groups, or organizations that can affect or be affected by a project or initiative, and to understand their interests, expectations, and influence.
Cómo se utiliza:
- Involves listing all potential stakeholders, assessing their power, interest, and potential impact on the project, and planning how to engage and manage them effectively.
Pros
- Helps ensure all relevant parties are considered; Improves communication and engagement strategies; Can identify potential risks and support for the project; Facilitates smoother project execution by managing expectations.
Cons
- Can be time-consuming, especially for large projects with many stakeholders; Information gathered can be subjective; Stakeholder positions and influence can change over time, requiring ongoing analysis.
Categorías:
- Clientes y marketing, Recursos Humanos, Gestión de proyectos, Gestión de riesgos
Lo mejor para:
- Identifying key people and groups related to a project and developing strategies to manage their expectations and involvement effectively.
Spaghetti Diagram
- Mejora continua, Diseño para la sostenibilidad, Eficiencia, Ergonomía, Fabricación ajustada, Mejora de los procesos, Mapeo de procesos, Mapeo del flujo de valor, Reducción de residuos
Objetivo:
To visualize the physical flow of people, materials, or information within a workspace or process to identify and reduce wasted motion and transportation.
Cómo se utiliza:
- A continuous line drawing on a floor plan or process map that traces the path of an item or person. The resulting web of lines (resembling spaghetti) highlights inefficiencies like excessive travel distances, backtracking, and unnecessary movements.
Pros
- Simple and visual way to identify wasted motion; Facilitates communication about process inefficiencies; Helps in designing more efficient layouts; Engages employees in process improvement.
Cons
- Can be time-consuming to create for complex processes or multiple items/people; Primarily focuses on physical movement, may not capture other types of waste; Accuracy depends on careful observation.
Categorías:
- Ergonomía, Lean Sigma, Fabricación, Resolución de problemas
Lo mejor para:
- Identifying and eliminating wasted movement and transportation by visually mapping the path taken by products, materials, or people.
Six Big Losses
- Mejora continua, Fabricación ajustada, Mantenimiento, Eficacia global de los equipos (OEE), Técnicas de resolución de problemas, Mejora de los procesos, Productividad, Análisis de las causas, Seis Sigma
Objetivo:
To categorize and provide a marco for understanding and eliminating the most common causes of productivity loss in manufacturing.
Cómo se utiliza:
- A key concept in Total Productive Maintenance (TPM), these are: Breakdowns, Setup and Adjustment Losses, Small Stops (Idling and Minor Stoppages), Reduced Speed, Startup Rejects (Defects in Process), and Production Rejects (Rework and Scrap).
Pros
- Provides a structured way to identify and prioritize OEE (Overall Equipment Effectiveness) improvements; Helps focus efforts on critical areas of equipment-related waste; Encourages a systematic approach to problem-solving.
Cons
- Primarily focused on equipment-related losses, may not cover all sources of inefficiency in a broader business context; Requires accurate data collection to quantify losses effectively.
Categorías:
- Lean Sigma, Fabricación, Resolución de problemas, Calidad
Lo mejor para:
- Systematically identifying and tackling the primary causes of equipment-based productivity loss to improve Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE).
Metodologías Puestos completos
Técnicas de identificación de materiales e identificación positiva de materiales (PMI)
In the fast-evolving sectors of manufacturing, oil & gas, and aerospace, understanding Positive Material Identification (PMI) is paramount for ensuring safety and compliance. Research indicates
Niveles de preparación tecnológica (TRL)
Technological Readiness Levels (TRL) scoring and methodology serve as pivotal frameworks in Research and Development (R&D) that guide project management and company planning across various
Cambio del producto mínimo viable (MVP) al producto mínimo asombroso (MAP)
In an era where consumer expectations are soaring – with studies showing that companies excelling in user experience can generate up to 60% higher profits
101 sobre análisis modal de fallos, efectos y criticidad (FMECA)
Failure Mode Effects and Criticality Analysis (FMECA) stands as a pivotal methodology in ensuring the reliability and safety of products across diverse industries such as
Sintonizador de Bucle PID Avanzado
El uso de nuestro sintonizador de bucle PID o de metodologías de sintonización adecuadas en los procesos de fabricación es fundamental para el Control Estadístico de Procesos (CEP) y para lograr una alta calidad del producto.
Tarjeta Persona Creator™.
Una tarjeta de persona destila los atributos demográficos y de comportamiento clave de un segmento de clientes objetivo en un formato de referencia conciso. Los responsables de marketing y los equipos de producto confían en
