(Abbildung dient nur zur Veranschaulichung)
Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds (BVOCs) are VOCs produced and emitted by living organisms, predominantly plants. Isoprene ([latex]C_5H_8[/latex]) and terpenes are the most abundant BVOCs. While natural, their emissions are vast, exceeding anthropogenic VOCs globally. They play critical roles in plant defense, signaling, and are major precursors for atmospheric ozone and secondary organic aerosols, influencing air quality and climate.
Biogenic VOCs represent a massive flux of carbon from the biosphere to the atmosphere, estimated to be around 1 billion metric tons per year. Isoprene is the single most emitted non-methane organic compound, primarily from deciduous trees. Monoterpenes ([latex]C_{10}H_{16}[/latex]), such as alpha-pinene and limonene, are characteristic emissions from coniferous trees. Plants produce these compounds for various ecological reasons, including deterring herbivores, attracting pollinators, protecting against thermal stress, and communicating with other plants.
Once in the atmosphere, BVOCs are highly reactive. Their oxidation, primarily by the hydroxyl radical ([latex]\bullet OH[/latex]), ozone ([latex]O_3[/latex]), and the nitrate radical ([latex]NO_3\bullet[/latex]), is a central process in atmospheric chemistry. This oxidation contributes significantly to the formation of secondary pollutants. In polluted, high-NOx environments, BVOC oxidation can exacerbate ozone smog formation. In cleaner environments, it leads to the formation of secondary organic aerosols (SOAs), which are tiny airborne particles that can affect cloud formation, the Earth’s radiation balance, and human health. The interplay between natural BVOC emissions and anthropogenic pollutants is a key area of research in understanding regional air quality and global climate.
Biogene flüchtige organische Verbindungen (BVOCs)
(wenn das Datum unbekannt oder nicht relevant ist, z. B. „Strömungsmechanik“, wird eine gerundete Schätzung seines bemerkenswerten Auftretens bereitgestellt)
Bilder in voller Größe und Downloads sind ausschließlich für registrierte Mitglieder kostenlos verfügbar.
> Login <
