偏微分方程(PDE)是在一个多变量函数的各个偏导数之间建立关系的方程。函数通常被称为未知数,而偏微分方程则描述了未知函数与其导数之间的关系。与涉及单变量函数的常微分方程 (ODE) 不同,偏微分方程是多维系统建模的基础。

(generate image for illustration only)
偏微分方程(PDE)是在一个多变量函数的各个偏导数之间建立关系的方程。函数通常被称为未知数,而偏微分方程则描述了未知函数与其导数之间的关系。与涉及单变量函数的常微分方程 (ODE) 不同,偏微分方程是多维系统建模的基础。
A partial differential equation (PDE) for a function [latex]u(x_1, dots, x_n)[/latex] is an equation of the form [latex]F(x_1, dots, x_n, u, frac{partial u}{partial x_1}, dots, frac{partial u}{partial x_n}, frac{partial^2 u}{partial x_1 partial x_1}, dots) = 0[/latex]. This formulation expresses a relationship between an unknown function [latex]u[/latex] of several independent variables and its partial derivatives. The ‘order’ of the PDE is determined by the highest-order derivative present in the equation. For instance, an equation containing a second derivative but no higher is a second-order PDE.
PDEs are classified based on properties that help determine the nature of their solutions. A key classification is linearity. A PDE is ‘linear’ if it is linear in the unknown function and all its derivatives. For example, [latex]a(x,y)u_{xx} + b(x,y)u_{yy} = f(x,y)[/latex] is linear. If the coefficients depend on [latex]u[/latex] or its derivatives, the equation becomes nonlinear. Nonlinear PDEs are notoriously difficult to solve and often exhibit complex behaviors like shock waves or solitons.
The study of PDEs is a vast branch of mathematics, crucial for modeling phenomena across science and engineering. Finding a ‘solution’ means identifying a function that satisfies the equation, often subject to specific boundary or initial conditions that constrain the problem to a unique physical situation. The development of methods to find and analyze these solutions, both analytically and numerically, has been a central theme in mathematics since the 18th century.
迎接新挑战
机械工程师、项目、工艺工程师或研发经理
可在短时间内接受新的挑战。
通过 LinkedIn 联系我
塑料金属电子集成、成本设计、GMP、人体工程学、中高容量设备和耗材、精益制造、受监管行业、CE 和 FDA、CAD、Solidworks、精益西格玛黑带、医疗 ISO 13485
偏微分方程 (PDE)
(如果日期不详或不相关,例如 "流体力学",则对其显著出现的时间作了四舍五入的估计)。
相关发明、创新和技术原理
{{标题}}
{%,如果摘录 %}{{ 摘录 | truncatewords:55 }}
{% endif %}