» 现场改善:源头改进

现场改善:源头改进

1986
  • Masaaki Imai
工厂车间,经理与工人一起根据 Gemba Kaizen 原则改进流程。

(generate image for illustration only)

Gemba (現場) is the Japanese term for ‘the actual place.’ In management, it refers to the place where value is created, such as the factory floor. Gemba 改善 is the principle of going to the Gemba to observe the process, engage with workers, and identify opportunities for improvement directly at the source, rather than from a remote office.

The philosophy of Gemba Kaizen emphasizes that real improvement comes from a deep understanding of the actual processes, which can only be gained through direct observation and engagement. It stands in contrast to top-down decision-making based solely on reports, data, and meetings held away from the action. The practice involves managers and engineers regularly visiting the Gemba, not to supervise or find fault, but to learn and support. A key practice is the ‘Gemba walk,’ where leaders walk the shop floor, ask questions, and listen to the insights of the frontline employees who work with the process every day. The core idea is that these employees are the experts on their own work and are best positioned to identify problems (泥田, mura, muri – waste, unevenness, overburden) and suggest practical solutions. Gemba Kaizen is not about making large capital investments; it’s about making small, common-sense improvements that collectively have a significant impact. It fosters a culture of respect for people, encourages employee empowerment, and ensures that improvement efforts are grounded in reality. By focusing on the place where value is added, organizations can more effectively streamline operations, enhance quality, and improve safety.

UNESCO Nomenclature: 5311
– Management

类型

抽象系统

中断

实质性

使用方法

广泛使用

前体

  • 走动式管理(MBWA)概念
  • 丰田 Production System’s emphasis on ‘genchi genbutsu’ (go and see for yourself)
  • Taiichi Ohno’s ‘Ohno circle’ practice of standing and observing a process for hours

应用

  • 制造流程优化
  • 医疗保健患者流量分析
  • 零售店布局和客户体验改善
  • 软件开发团队观察(例如结对编程)
  • 物流和供应链故障排除

专利:

NA

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Related to: gemba, kaizen, continuous improvement, go and see, management by walking around, lean manufacturing, value stream, shop floor.

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历史背景

现场改善:源头改进

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(如果日期不详或不相关,例如 "流体力学",则对其显著出现的时间作了四舍五入的估计)。

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