Latest Publications & Patents on Optics
This is our latest selection of worldwide publications and patents in english on Optics, between many scientific online journals, classified and focused on optics, diffraction, optical resolution, polarisation, laser, Kapitsa–Dirac, optical instrument and photon.
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Damage Identification Using Measured and Simulated Guided Wave Damage Interaction Coefficients Predicted Ad Hoc by Deep Neural Networks
Published on 2025-03-08 by Christoph Humer, Simon Höll, Martin Schagerl @MDPI
Abstract: Thin-walled structures are widely used in aeronautical and aerospace engineering due to their light weight and high structural performance. Ensuring their integrity is crucial for safety and reliability, which is why structural health monitoring (SHM) methods, such as guided wave-based techniques, have been developed to detect and characterize damage in such components. This study presents a novel damage identification procedure for guided wave-based SHM using deep neural networks (DNNs) trained[...]
Our summary: Novel damage identification procedure using DNNs trained with experimental data for guided wave-based SHM. Smart DNN interpolations replicate WDIC patterns even with noisy measurement data. Experimental data-based approach shows excellent performance and high recognition accuracy.
deep neural networks, guided wave-based SHM, damage identification, WDIC patterns
Publication
Characterization of Invar Syntactic Foams Obtained by Spark Plasma Sintering
Published on 2025-03-08 by Argentina Niculina Sechel, C?lin-Virgiliu Pric?, Traian Florin Marinca, Florin Popa, Loredana-Maria Baglaevschi, Gyorgy Thalmaier, Ioan Vida-Simiti @MDPI
Abstract: This study presents the synthesis of sintered composite foams based on the Invar alloy (64Fe-36Ni), using hollow spherical particles from a nickel superalloy (NiCrSiB) in order to generate porosity. The Invar powder was obtained by mechanical alloying (MA), and the NiCrSiB hollow spherical particles were incorporated into the composite at 20 vol %. The sintering was realized using the spark plasma sintering (SPS) process in an argon atmosphere at 600 °C and 5 MPa, with 10 s holding t[...]
Our summary: Synthesis of composite foams based on Invar alloy using hollow spherical particles from NiCrSiB, sintering process at 600°C and 5 MPa, structural characterization by OM, SEM, and XRD, CTE of 2.52 × 10−6 °C−1 in 25–150 °C range.
Invar, Syntactic Foams, Spark Plasma Sintering, Characterization
Publication
Research on the Mechanical Activation Mechanism of Coal Gangue and Its CO2 Mineralization Effect
Published on 2025-03-07 by Lei Zhu, Chengyong Liu, Gang Duan, Zhicheng Liu, Ling Jin, Yuejin Zhou, Kun Fang @MDPI
Abstract: During the extraction and utilization of coal resources, a large amount of CO2 and coal-based solid wastes (CBSW), such as coal gangue, are generated. To reduce the carbon and waste emissions, an effective approach is to mineralize the CO2 with the CBSW and then backfill the mineralized materials into the goaf area. However, efficient CO2 mineralization is challenging due to the low reactivity of coal gangue. To this end, mechanical activation was used for the modification of coal gangue, and th[...]
Our summary: Research on the Mechanical Activation Mechanism of Coal Gangue and Its CO2 Mineralization Effect. Efficient CO2 mineralization with coal-based solid wastes is challenging. Mechanical activation modifies coal gangue, enhancing its carbon fixation capacity and revealing the mineralization mechanism.
mechanical activation, coal gangue, CO2 mineralization, microcosmic perspective
Publication
An Experimental and Case Study Approach
Published on 2025-03-07 by Recep Eken, O?uzhan Co?kun, Güne? Y?lmaz @MDPI
Abstract: LIDAR technology is widely used in autonomous driving and environmental sensing, but its accuracy is significantly affected by variations in vehicle surface reflectivity. This study models and predicts the impact of different LIDAR sensor specifications and vehicle surface paints on laser intensity measurements. Laser intensity data from the experiments of Shung et al. were analyzed alongside vehicle color, angle, and distance. Multiple machine learning models were tested, with Gaussian Process [...]
Our summary: Experimental study modeling impact of LIDAR sensor specs and vehicle surface paints on laser intensity measurements using machine learning. GPR model achieves high accuracy in predicting laser intensity values. Model validated and tested on real-world dataset, showing robustness across different surface reflectivity conditions.
LIDAR, machine learning, laser intensity, surface reflectivity
Publication
Cost-Effective Photoacoustic Imaging Using High-Power Light-Emitting Diodes Driven by an Avalanche Oscillator
Published on 2025-03-07 by Alberto Prud’homme, Frederic Nabki @MDPI
Abstract: Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is an emerging modality that merges optical and ultrasound imaging to provide high-resolution and functional insights into biological tissues. This technique leverages the photoacoustic effect, where tissue absorbs pulsed laser light, generating acoustic waves that are captured to reconstruct images. While lasers have traditionally been the light source for PAI, their high cost and complexity drive interest towards alternative sources like light-emitting diodes (LEDs)[...]
Our summary: Emerging modality merging optical and ultrasound imaging, feasibility of using avalanche oscillator to power high-power LEDs, successful generation of short light pulses with sufficient intensity.
Cost-Effective, Photoacoustic Imaging, Light-Emitting Diodes, Avalanche Oscillator
Publication
Traveling-Wave Solutions of Several Nonlinear Mathematical Physics Equations
Published on 2025-03-07 by Petar Popivanov, Angela Slavova @MDPI
Abstract: This paper deals with several nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) of mathematical physics such as the concatenation model (perturbed concatenation model) from nonlinear fiber optics, the plane hydrodynamic jet theory, the Kadomtsev–Petviashvili PDE from hydrodynamic (soliton theory) and others. For the equation of nonlinear optics, we look for solutions of the form amplitude Q multiplied by eiΦ, Φ being linear. Then, Q is expressed as a quadratic[...]
Our summary: This paper explores traveling-wave solutions of several nonlinear mathematical physics equations, including the concatenation model, plane hydrodynamic jet theory, and Kadomtsev-Petviashvili PDE. Solutions are found in the form of quadratic polynomials of elliptic functions, satisfying various types of ODEs such as Abel-type and Airy equations. A survey on Jacobi elliptic and Weierstrass functions is also provided.
nonlinear, mathematical physics, traveling-wave solutions, PDEs
Publication
Machining apparatus for laser machining a workpiece, method for laser machining a workpiece
Patent published on the 2025-02-19 in EP under Ref EP4509890 by BYSTRONIC LASER AG [CH] (Woratz Colin [ch])
Abstract: A machining apparatus for laser machining a workpiece, in particular for laser cutting, is provided, having a device for generating a machining laser beam, for rough machining the workpiece, in particular for producing cuts with cut edges in the workpiece, and having a device for splitting the machining laser beam into at least two energy intensity ranges, wherein a first energy intensity range for rough machining of the workpiece has a greater time-integrated radiation energy than at least one [...]
Our summary: Machining apparatus for laser cutting workpieces with adjustable energy intensity ranges for rough and fine machining.
laser machining, apparatus, workpiece, method
Patent
Photonic integrated circuit and method
Patent published on the 2025-02-19 in EP under Ref EP4509980 by SMART PHOTONICS HOLDING B V [NL] (Kleijn Steven Everard Filippus [nl], Bonardi Antonio [nl])
Abstract: A system for use in generating a random number. The system comprises a photonic integrated circuit, PIC. The PIC comprises a substrate, a light source on the substrate, a light splitter configured to split light from the light source into a first portion of light and a second portion of light, and a first light detector on the substrate configured to, in response to receipt of the first portion of light, output a first electrical signal for use in generating the random number. The PIC further co[...]
Our summary: A system utilizing a photonic integrated circuit for generating random numbers, including light source, light splitter, and light detectors, with a method for manufacturing the system.
photonic integrated circuit, random number generation, light source, light detector
Patent
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