
脱塩とは、海水や汽水地下水から溶解した塩分やミネラルを除去して、飲料水や灌漑用水として利用できる淡水を生成する産業および工学分野であり、現在では中東、北アフリカ、アジア沿岸部、そして近年では南ヨーロッパやアメリカ大陸など、水不足に悩む地域で1億人以上の人々に水を供給している。
逆行する 浸透 逆浸透(RO)は現在の設備容量の大部分を占め、高濃度の塩水供給を担っている。 プレッシャー 薄膜複合ポリアミド膜の選択性、汚染耐性、およびホウ素除去率が依然として活発な材料科学研究の最前線である一方、熱プロセス(多段フラッシュ蒸留および多重効果蒸留)は、発電からの廃熱が無料のエネルギー入力として利用できる場合に依然として重要である。この分野における中心的な工学的制約は比エネルギー消費量であり、圧力交換器ベースのエネルギー回収を備えた最先端のROプラントは現在、 熱力学 海水淡水化の最低基準は、膜の寿命、取水設計、濃縮塩水管理へと競争上の差別化要因がシフトしており、排出物の毒性や海洋生態系への影響は、規制当局による監視強化の対象となっている。
新たなプロセスアーキテクチャ ― 順浸透、膜蒸留、容量性脱イオン、 グラフェン 酸化物またはアクアポリンベースの膜は、従来の逆浸透膜の経済性が成り立たないような、ニッチな給水化学条件やオフグリッドの再生可能エネルギー駆動構成を対象としています。
以下に索引付けされた出版物および特許は、膜合成やモジュール工学から、システム熱力学、塩水利用、再生可能エネルギーとの連携、そしてプラントの存続可能性を左右する水文地質学的サイト評価に至るまで、この全領域を網羅しています。
これは、多くの科学オンラインジャーナルの中から、逆浸透、脱塩、海水脱塩、汽水脱塩、RO膜の汚染、薄膜複合膜、ROエネルギー回収装置、圧力交換式脱塩、多段フラッシュ蒸留、多重効果蒸留、電気透析脱塩、順浸透、膜蒸留、容量性脱イオン、脱塩濃縮塩水処理、濃縮塩水管理、太陽光発電RO、風力発電脱塩、原子力脱塩、脱塩エネルギー消費、RO比エネルギー消費、ホウ素除去RO膜、RO透過液回収率など、脱塩に関する英語の世界中の出版物と特許の最新のセレクションです。
PSS composite sponge for solar-driven water purification and dye removal for environmental sustainability
Published on 2026-05-21 by Chung-Wei Huang, Wei-Cheng Jhao, Yu-Jen Liang, Meng-Fang Lin, Yu-Sheng Hsiao @NATURE
Abstract: Polymer Journal, Published online: 21 May 2026; doi:10.1038/s41428-026-01188-zA 3D macroporous MWCNT/PEDOT: PSS composite sponge, fabricated via freeze-drying, enables efficient solar-driven interfacial water evaporation (SIWE) through optimized light absorption, wettability, and water transport. The engineered porous architecture enhances solar–thermal management while facilitating rapid water uptake. Simultaneously, the sponge exhibits high adsorption capacities for organic dyes and strong a[...]
Our summary: A 3D macroporous MWCNT/PEDOT: PSS composite sponge enables efficient solar-driven interfacial water evaporation. It enhances solar–thermal management and facilitates rapid water uptake. The sponge also demonstrates high dye adsorption capacities and strong antifouling properties for sustainable water purification.
PSS, composite sponge, solar-driven purification, environmental sustainability
Publication
Water treatment
Patent published on the 2026-05-14 in AU under Ref AU2024368999 by COMMONWEALTH SCIENT AND INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH ORGANISATION (Thiruvenkatachari Ramesh, Cunnington Michael Thomas, Kenda Samanage Hasitha Madhubhashana Ranasingha, Yu Xin Xiang)
Abstract: A water treatment system for recovering water from impaired water is provided. The water treatment system comprises a membrane distillation module, configured to receive the water to be treated, and a cooling module, configured to receive a cooling fluid, with the membrane distillation module and cooling module are in thermal communication such that in operation the water treatment system provides for the efficient recovery of treated water. In addition, a method for recovering water from impair[...]
Our summary: A water treatment system recovers water from impaired sources using a membrane distillation module. The system includes a cooling module for efficient thermal communication. A method for utilizing this system for water recovery is also described.
membrane distillation, water recovery, cooling module, impaired water
Patent
Facile construction of a Janus carbon nanotube/cellulose membrane for solar evaporation and dye wastewater purification
Published on 2026-05-08 by Chih-Feng Wang, Fshatsion Berhane Gessesew, Wei-Song Hung, Chien-Chieh Hu, Chi-Jung Chang, Shiao-Wei Kuo, Juin-Yih Lai @NATURE
Abstract: Polymer Journal, Published online: 08 May 2026; doi:10.1038/s41428-026-01189-yA facile filtration method was developed to fabricate Janus CNT@cellulose membrane, designed as an efficient photothermal material for solar-driven water vapor generation, with a focus on sustainability and low cost. The as-prepared membrane exhibited well performances in solar desalination and dye-containing wastewater treatment. The simple preparation method, self-floating ability, and high solar evaporation efficien[...]
Our summary: A Janus CNT@cellulose membrane was developed for solar-driven water vapor generation. The membrane showed high efficiency in desalination and dye wastewater treatment. Its simple fabrication and sustainability make it suitable for practical applications.
Janus carbon nanotube, cellulose membrane, solar evaporation, wastewater purification
Publication
Systems and methods for integrated modular production of hydrogen freshwater, and bioelectricity
Patent published on the 2026-04-23 in US under Ref US20260110100 by KILICASLAN AHMET [CA] (Khalvati Mohammadali [ca], Dincer Ibrahim [ca], Goren Kara Aysegul Yagmur [ca], Kilicaslan Ahmet [ca])
Abstract: [0000] Provided are systems and methods for multi-process generators employing fermentation, desalination, and electrolysis technologies. The generator system includes a fermentation compartment configured to receive a mixture of biomass waste and an anaerobic microorganism solution comprising bacteria for bioenergy production; an electrolysis compartment configured to receive an electrolyte solution comprising a saline mixture, the electrolysis compartment including first and second spaced apar[...]
Our summary: The system integrates fermentation, desalination, and electrolysis for hydrogen and bioelectricity production. It utilizes biomass waste and anaerobic microorganisms for bioenergy. Anion and cation exchange membranes facilitate freshwater generation between compartments.
Hydrogen production, bioelectricity, desalination, fermentation
Patent
Compositions and methods for washing surfaces in the manufacturing industry
Patent published on the 2026-04-23 in US under Ref US20260109914 by ECOLAB USA INC [US] (Tontcheva Petia Todorova [us], Peterson Karen Gail [us], Deford Jerald Alan [us], Ney Michael Richard [us])
Abstract: [0000] The present disclosure provides compositions and methods for removing a contaminant from a surface. The methods include passing a fluid through a reverse osmosis (RO) membrane to form a RO fluid, adding a detergent to the RO fluid to form a treated fluid, applying the treated fluid to the surface, and removing at least a portion of the contaminant from the surface to form a treated surface. The methods also include the steps of adding a rinse aid to deionized water to form a second treate[...]
Our summary: This disclosure details compositions and methods for surface cleaning in manufacturing. It involves using reverse osmosis to create a treated fluid with detergent. The process includes applying a rinse aid to enhance cleaning effectiveness.
reverse osmosis, detergent, surface cleaning, manufacturing methods
Patent
Stand for investigating mine water
Patent published on the 2026-04-15 in UA under Ref UA130680 by DNIPRO UNIV OF TECHNOLOGY [UA] (Bondarenko Volodymyr Illich [ua], Salieiev Ildar Aziziuliaievych [ua], Kovalevska Iryna Anatoliivna [ua], Chervatiuk Viktor Hryhorovych [ua], Symanovych Hennadii Anatoliiovych [ua], Shyshov Maksym Valeriiovych [ua], Malashkevych Dmytro Serhiiovych [ua], S)
Abstract: Invention relates to methods for laboratory testing of contaminated waters and can be applied for studying and investigating optimal conditions during the development of equipment for water purification, hydrogen production, and mineral salt recovery during the reclamation of contaminated waters by mining, industrial, or other enterprises. Stand for laboratory testing of mine water includes a water intake tank connected to a mechanical pre-treatment filter, a water supply pump, a reverse osmosis[...]
Our summary: The invention focuses on methods for laboratory testing of contaminated mine water. It includes a stand designed for optimal conditions in water purification and hydrogen production. The setup features various components like filters, pumps, and collection tanks for effective reclamation.
mine water, laboratory testing, water purification, hydrogen production
Patent
Mineral control and ionisation system for purifying seawater
Patent published on the 2026-03-26 in WO under Ref WO2026063767 by BSW TRATAMIENTOS SUSTENTABLES DE AGUA DE LA BAJA S A DE C V [MX] (Lauktien Luna Kurt Crisanto [mx])
Abstract: The present invention relates to a mineral control and ionisation system for purifying seawater comprising: a seawater or raw water influent inlet pipe; an ozone generator for injecting ozone into the water inlet pipe; a solids filtration assembly formed by a first filter configured to remove suspended solids and settleable solids in the water, humic and fulvic acids, various volatile organic compounds, fats and proteins, and agrochemicals, and to eliminate odour and colour in the water; a secon[...]
Our summary: The invention describes a mineral control and ionisation system for seawater purification. It includes multiple filtration stages, an ozone generator, and magnetic conditioners to enhance water quality. The system ensures compliance with regulations for treated water for human consumption.
water purification, ionisation system, reverse osmosis, magnetic conditioning
Patent
System and method for producing concrete from brine
Patent published on the 2026-03-18 in GB under Ref GB2700812 by NEOM COMPANY [SA] (Gavin Van Tonder [sa], Mohammed Alsindi [sa], Hussain Bukannan [sa], Nikolay Voutchkov [sa], Noura Chehab [sa])
Abstract: System and method for producing a plurality of brine streams for use in producing concrete, comprising a selected brine stream production system configured to produce a monovalent and a polyvalent brine from seawater, and at least one additional brine having a different mineral salt concentration, wherein the monovalent and the at least one additional brine are for use in concrete production. A system 100 and method for producing concrete from brine, the system comprising the selected brine stre[...]
Our summary: The system produces concrete from various brine streams derived from seawater. It utilizes a selected brine stream production system to generate monovalent and polyvalent brines. The method includes combining these brines with binders and aggregates for concrete production, including 3D printable options.
brine production, concrete synthesis, desalination, 3D printing
Patent