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» フライホイールエネルギー貯蔵(FES)

フライホイールエネルギー貯蔵(FES)

1970
産業機械用途におけるフライホイール式エネルギー貯蔵システム。

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Flywheel energy storage (FES) works by accelerating a rotor (flywheel) to a very high speed and maintaining the energy in the system as rotational kinetic energy. The energy stored is proportional to the square of the rotational speed. When energy is extracted, the flywheel’s rotation slows down. The formula for stored energy is [latex]E = frac{1}{2} I omega^2[/latex], where I is the moment of inertia and ω is the angular velocity.

A modern FES system consists of a massive rotor spinning in a near-vacuum enclosure to minimize air friction. The rotor is connected to a motor/generator. To store energy, the motor uses electricity to spin the flywheel up to speed. To release energy, the spinning flywheel drives the generator, producing electricity and slowing the rotor down. The amount of energy stored is given by [latex]E = frac{1}{2} I omega^2[/latex]. To maximize energy storage, rotors are designed to have a high moment of inertia and be able to withstand the immense centrifugal forces at very high rotational speeds (tens of thousands of RPM). Advanced FES systems use rotors made from high-strength carbon-fiber composites and employ magnetic bearings to eliminate friction from mechanical contact, allowing for extremely high efficiency (often over 90%) and very long lifespans with minimal degradation (hundreds of thousands of cycles). FES is particularly well-suited for applications requiring frequent, rapid charge and discharge cycles, such as grid frequency regulation, as it can respond to power fluctuations in milliseconds.

UNESCO Nomenclature: 2210
機械工学

タイプ

物理デバイス

混乱

実質的な

使用法

ニッチ/専門分野

前駆物質

  • the Potter’s wheel (ancient)
  • ニュートンの運動法則
  • invention of the electric motor/generator
  • development of high-strength materials like steel and carbon composites
  • advances in vacuum technology and magnetic bearings

アプリケーション

  • uninterruptible power supplies (ups) for data centers
  • grid frequency regulation
  • kinetic energy recovery systems (kers) in motorsport and vehicles
  • energy storage for spacecraft attitude control
  • power stabilization for industrial processes

特許:

NA

潜在的なイノベーションのアイデア

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Related to: flywheel, kinetic energy, rotational energy, FES, energy storage, moment of inertia, frequency regulation, UPS, high-speed rotor, magnetic bearings.

歴史的背景

フライホイールエネルギー貯蔵(FES)

1963
1965
1970
1970
1974-11-15
1980
1980
1963
1964
1968
1970
1970
1975
1980
1980

(日付が不明または関連性がない場合、例えば「流体力学」などでは、その注目すべき出現時期の概算値が提示されます。)

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