CRAN is the primary repository for the R software, its documentation, and thousands of user-contributed extension packages. It is a network of FTP and web servers around the world that store identical, up-to-date versions of R code and documentation. This centralized, yet distributed, system is fundamental to R’s ecosystem, ensuring easy access and reproducibility for users globally.
综合 R 档案网络 (CRAN) 成立于 1997 年，旨在为 R 及其附加软件包提供可靠且集中的分发系统。在 CRAN 成立之前，用户必须从各个独立的来源查找和下载软件包，这不仅效率低下，而且对依赖项管理也造成了困扰。CRAN 通过在全球范围内创建镜像服务器网络解决了这个问题，确保用户可以从地理位置较近且速度较快的服务器下载 R 及其软件包。
A key aspect of CRAN is its rigorous quality control process. Before a new package or an update is accepted, it must pass a series of automated checks on multiple operating systems (Windows, macOS, and Linux). These checks verify that the package installs correctly, the code examples run without errors, the documentation is properly formatted, and it doesn’t interfere with other packages. This process, managed by a small team of volunteers, maintains a high standard of quality and stability across the R ecosystem. Each package on CRAN has a dedicated page with its documentation, version history, and dependencies, making the system transparent and easy to navigate. This infrastructure has been a cornerstone of R’s success, fostering a vibrant community of developers and users who can easily share and build upon each other’s work.
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