The distribution ratio (D) is a key equilibrium parameter in Estrazione liquido-liquido (LLE), defined as the total analytical concentration of a solute in the organic phase divided by its total concentration in the aqueous phase. [latex]D = \frac{[S]_{org,total}}{[S]_{aq,total}}[/latex]. Unlike the partition coefficient (K_D), D accounts for all species of the solute, including dissociated or complexed forms, making it pH-dependent.

















