A pH meter measures the voltage between two electrodes and converts it to a pH value. The core component is the glass electrode, which has a thin glass bulb sensitive to ion hydrogène activity. The potential difference, E, between the glass electrode and a stable reference electrode is linearly proportional to the pH according to a form of the Nernst equation: [latex]E = K + frac{2.303RT}{F}pH[/latex].





