A Must Know: acronyms are used everywhere in technical publications, and it is helpful to regroup the ones specific to Product Design, R&D, startup, and Innovation. We list here acronyms mostly related to mechanics, statistics, standards, project management, lean and process organization, quality, finance, and IT.
This acronyms list does not include foreign language terms such as Japanese Lean Sigma terms but does include organization acronyms (ex.: ASME, ASTM, AWS, BS …) when these are used for standards, codes, or other general interests.
Mind that these acronyms should not be used excessively, as demonstrated here for fun with majestic Robin Williams in Good Morning Vietnam.
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Most Used Acronyms
Acronyms List version 1.05
| Acronym | 定义 |
|---|---|
| ADSL | Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line |
| AES | Advanced Encryption System |
| AISI | American Iron and Steel Institute |
| 方差分析 | ANalysis Of VAriance (statistics) |
| ANSI | American National Standards Institute |
| API | Application Programming Interface |
| APQP | 先进的产品质量规划 |
| ARR | Annual Recurring |
| ARR | Annual Run Rate |
| ASAP | As Soon As Possible |
| ASCII | 美国信息交换标准代码 |
| 自动化管理 | 美国金属学会 |
| 美国机械工程师学会 | 美国机械工程师学会 |
| 美国材料与试验协会 | 美国材料与试验协会 |
| ATM | Asynchronous Transfer Mode |
| AWS | American Welding Society |
| BOM | Bill Of Material |
| BS | British Standard |
| CAC | Customer Acquisition Cost |
| 计算机辅助设计 | Computer-Aided Design |
| CAM | Computer-Aided Manufacturing |
| CAPA | Corrective Action and Preventative Action |
| 资本支出 | CAPital EXpenditures |
| CFD | Computational Fluid Dynamics |
| CGI | Computer-generated imagery |
| CLI | Command Line Interface or Command Line Interpreter |
| 厘米 | Contract Manufacturer |
| CMOS | Complementary metal-oxide semiconductor |
| CNC | Computer Numerically Controlled |
| COGS | Cost of Goods Sold |
| Cpk | calculation of process capability |
| 客户关系管理 | Customer Relationship Management |
| CTQ | Critical To Quality |
| DCR | Document Change Request |
| DDoS | Distributed Denial of Service. A particular hacking method |
| DFM | Design for Manufacturing (or Manufacturability) or Maintainability (rare) |
| DFM | Down For Maintenance (rare) |
| DFMEA | Design Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (see also FMEA & PFMEA) |
| DfSS | Design For Six Sigma |
| DHCP | Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol |
| DHF | Design History File (from FDA) |
| DHR | Device History Record (from FDA) |
| DIN | Deutsches Institut für Normung (German Institute for Standardisation) |
| DMAIC | Define Measure Analyze Improve Control |
| DMR | Device Master Record (from FDA) |
| DOE | Design of Experiment |
| DPO | Direct Public Offering |
| DSL | Digital Subscriber Line |
| DV | 设计验证 (test) |
| ECN | Engineering Change Notice |
| EDA | Electronic Design Automation |
| EDI | Electronic data interchange |
| EMC | ElectroMagnetic Compatibility |
| ERP | Enterprise Resource Planning |
| FAI | 第一条检查 |
| FCC | Federal Communications Commission |
| FEA | Finite Element Analysis (see FEM) |
| FEM | Finite Element Method. Read more in Wikipedia dedicated article. |
| FFF | Form Fit & Function |
| FFF | 形式服从功能 |
| FIFO | First In First Out (see also FILO & LIFO) |
| FILO | First in Last out (see also FIFO & LIFO) |
| FMEA | Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (see also DFMEA & PFMEA) |
| GD&T | Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing |
| GMP | Good Manufacturing Practices |
| GPU | Graphics Processing Unit |
| GTM | Go To Market |
| 图形用户界面 | Graphical 用户界面 (see UI) |
| 危害分析关键控制点 | 危害分析和关键控制点 |
| HTML | HyperTextMarkupLanguage |
| HTTP | HyperText Transfer Protocol |
| IaaS | Infrastructure as a service |
| IEC | International Electrotechnical Commission |
| IEEE | 电气与电子工程师学会 |
| IFU | instruction For Use |
| IMAP | Internet Message Access Protocol |
| IMHO | In My Humble Opinion |
| 物联网 | Internet of Things |
| IP | Industrial Property |
| IP | Index Protection |
| IP | Internet Protocol |
| IPO | Initial Public Offering |
| IQ | Installation Qualification (see OQ PQ V&V also) |
| ISDN | Integrated Services Digital Network |
| ISO | International Organization for Standardization |
| ISP | Internet Service Provider |
| JIT | Just In Time |
| LAN | Local Area Network |
| LBO | Leveraged Buy-Out |
| LIFO | Last in first out (see also FILO & FIFO) |
| LTV | LifeTime Value per customer |
| MAG | Metal Active Gas (welding) |
| MCO | Manufacturing Change Order |
| MCR | Manufacturing Change Request |
| MDD | Medical Devices Directive (medical EU) or (medical FDA). Risk of confusion here |
| MDR | Medical Device Regulation (medical EU) |
| MFA | Multi-Factor Authentication |
| MIG | Metal Inert Gas (welding) |
| MOQ | Minimum Order Quantity |
| MRP | Manufacturing Resources Planning |
| MRR | Monthly Recurring Revenue |
| MSA | Measurement System Analysis |
| MTBF | Mean Time Between Failures. See dedicated post and MTTR below |
| MTTR | Mean Time To Repair |
| NAS | Network-attached storage |
| NDA | 保密协议 |
| NDR | Net Dollar Retention |
| NPD | New Product Development |
| NPI | New Product Introduction |
| OEM | Original Equipment Manufacturer |
| OOO | Out Of Office 🙂 |
| 运营支出 | Operational EXpenditures |
| OQ | Operational Qualification (see IQ PQ V&V also) |
| PaaS | Platform-as-a-Service |
| PCB | Printed 电路板 |
| PDCA | Plan Do Check Act |
| PDM | Product Data Management |
| PFMEA | Process Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (see also DFMEA & FMEA) |
| PLM | Product lifecycle management |
| PM | 项目经理 |
| PMBOK | Project Management Body of Knowledge |
| PMO | Project Management Office |
| POC | Proof of Concept |
| POC | Point of Contact |
| PoE | Power over Ethernet |
| PPAP | 生产部件审批流程 |
| PPC | Pay per Click |
| ppm | parts per million |
| PQ | Performance Qualification (see IQ OQ V&V also) |
| PR | Public Relations |
| QFD | 质量功能部署 |
| QMS | Quality Management System |
| R&R | (gage) repeatability and reproducibility |
| RFC | Request For Comments |
| RFP | Request For Proposal |
| RMA | Return Material Authorization |
| RoHS | Restriction of Hazardous Substances |
| 投资回报率 | Return On Investment |
| ROR | Ruby on Rails |
| RTCP | Real-time Transport Control Protocol |
| SaaS | Software-as-a-Service |
| SDK | 软件开发工具包 |
| SKU | Stock Keeping Unit |
| SLA | Service Level Agreement |
| SLAM | Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (algorithm) |
| SMART | Specific Measurable Achievable Relevant Timely |
| SMED | 单分钟交换模具 |
| SMTP | Simple Mail Transfer Protocol |
| SOAP | Service Orchestration And Automation Platform |
| SOP | Standard Operating Procedure |
| SOP | Start Of Production |
| SOW | Statement of Work |
| SPC | 统计过程控制 |
| TIG | Tungsten Inert Gas (welding) |
| TOC | Table Of Content |
| TPM | 全面生产维护 |
| TQM | Total quality management |
| UDP | User Datagram Protocol |
| 用户界面 | User Interface (see GUI) |
| UPS | Uninterruptible Power Supply |
| 网址 | Uniform Resource Locator |
| URS | User Requirement Specification |
| 美国专利商标局 | 美国 专利 & Trademark Office |
| 用户体验 | 用户体验 |
| V&V | 核查和验证 |
| VOC | Voice of Customer (read Gold Nuggets for Design) |
| VoIP | Voice Over IP |
| VPN | Virtual Private Network |
| VSM | 价值流映射 |
| WAN | Wide Area Network |
| WEEE | Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (directive) |
| WIFI | Wireless Fidelity |
| WIP | Work in Progress |
| WLAN | Wireless Local Area Network |
| XML | Extensible Markup Language |
| YTD | Year To Date |
| TAT | Turn-Around Time |
| RPM | Revenue Performance Management |
| RPM | Revolutions Per Minute |
| RPM | Revenue Per Mille (thousand) |
| RPM | Package Manager (Linux - initially Red Hat) |
| CPM | Cost Per Mille (thousand impressions) |
| CPM | Corporate Performance Management |
| KPI | 关键绩效指标 |
| CPC | 每次点击费用 |
Use the form on the right to suggest the acronyms we may have missed.
Top must-know acronyms in 创新 和 产品设计:
BOM, CAPA, CAPEX, COGS, Cpk, DFMEA, DfSS, DHF, DHR, DMAIC, DMR, DOE, DV, ERP, FIFO, FMEA, GD&T, GMP, HACCP, IFU, IQ, JIT, KPI, MOQ, MTBF, NDA, OPEX, OQ, PDCA, PDM, PFMEA, PM, PMO, ppm, PQ, QFD, QMS, ROI, SMED, UI, UX, V&V, WIP, YTD
External Links on Manufacturing, Production and Quality Glossary
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Great resource for anyone working in product design and innovation! Having a comprehensive list of acronyms is incredibly helpful for navigating technical publications
It might be helpful to include a brief explanation or context for each acronym to enhance understanding.
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