用户数据报协议 (UDP) 是一种极简的、无连接的传输层协议。它提供简单的数据报服务,但没有网络传输层协议的可靠性、排序或流量控制机制。 TCP它的主要优点是开销低、延迟低,因此适用于对时间要求较高的应用,例如 DNS 查询、在线游戏和实时视频流,在这些应用中,速度比绝对可靠性更重要。

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用户数据报协议 (UDP) 是一种极简的、无连接的传输层协议。它提供简单的数据报服务,但没有网络传输层协议的可靠性、排序或流量控制机制。 TCP它的主要优点是开销低、延迟低,因此适用于对时间要求较高的应用,例如 DNS 查询、在线游戏和实时视频流,在这些应用中,速度比绝对可靠性更重要。
UDP operates on a ‘fire-and-forget’ basis. An application can send a UDP datagram to a destination without first establishing a connection. The UDP header is very simple, containing only source and destination port numbers, the datagram length, and an optional checksum for error detection. This minimalism translates directly to performance benefits. There is no delay from a connection setup handshake, no state to maintain for connections, and no retransmission of lost packets. This makes UDP ideal for applications that can tolerate some packet loss or have their own mechanisms for handling it. For example, in a VoIP call, losing a few milliseconds of audio is preferable to delaying the entire conversation to retransmit a lost packet. Similarly, in online gaming, receiving slightly outdated game state information is better than pausing the game to wait for a reliable data stream. The QUIC protocol, which underlies HTTP/3, is built on top of UDP to combine its low latency with custom reliability and congestion control mechanisms.
用户数据报协议(UDP)
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