» 钛种植体的骨整合

钛种植体的骨整合

1965
  • Per-Ingvar Brånemark
在生物医学工程中展示骨结合的钛牙种植体手术植入。

(generate image for illustration only)

Osseointegration is the direct structural and functional connection between living bone and the surface of a load-bearing artificial implant, typically made of . Discovered by Per-Ingvar Brånemark, this phenomenon occurs without the growth of fibrous soft tissue at the bone-implant interface, creating a stable and lasting anchor for prosthetics like dental implants and artificial joints.

骨整合的发现纯属偶然。20世纪50年代,Per-Ingvar Brånemark 正在用一个带钛框架的光学腔体研究兔腓骨的血流。当他试图移除光学腔体时,发现骨骼已经与钛框架紧密贴合,无法分离。这 引领 to the realization that titanium, unlike other materials, was not rejected by the body and could fuse directly with bone. The key to this process is the formation of a titanium dioxide layer on the implant’s surface upon exposure to air. This oxide layer is highly biocompatible and allows bone-forming cells, or osteoblasts, to attach and deposit new bone matrix directly onto the implant surface. For successful osseointegration, several conditions must be met: the implant must be made of a biocompatible material (like commercially pure titanium), it must be machined with a specific surface topography, it must be placed with minimal trauma to the bone, and it must remain immobile and unloaded during the initial healing period. This process has revolutionized dentistry and orthopedics, providing a stable foundation for replacing missing teeth and limbs with a high degree of success and longevity.

UNESCO Nomenclature: 3201
– Biomedical engineering

类型

Biological Process

中断

革命

使用方法

广泛使用

前体

  • 威廉·格雷戈尔于 1791 年发现钛
  • 无菌手术技术的发展
  • 观察组织-植入物界面的显微镜技术进展
  • 骨愈合和再生研究

应用

  • 牙种植体
  • 骨锚式助听器(BAHA)
  • 关节置换假体(髋关节、膝关节)
  • 直接附着在骨头上的截肢假肢
  • 用于面部重建的颅面假体

专利:

  • US4172320A

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Related to: osseointegration, titanium, Per-Ingvar Brånemark, dental implant, bone integration, biocompatibility, prosthesis, orthopedics, titanium dioxide, osteoblast.

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历史背景

1960
1965
1970
1980
1980
1960
1960
1969
1976-05-28
1980
1990

(如果日期不详或不相关,例如 "流体力学",则对其显著出现的时间作了四舍五入的估计)。

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