大气质量系数 (AM) 量化了太阳光穿过地球大气层的直接光程。它是给定天顶角 θ 处的光程与太阳直射天顶时的光程之比。对于约 60° 以内的角度,它可以近似表示为 AM ≈ sec(θ)。AM0 指的是大气层外的光谱。

(图片仅供参考)
大气质量系数 (AM) 量化了太阳光穿过地球大气层的直接光程。它是给定天顶角 θ 处的光程与太阳直射天顶时的光程之比。对于约 60° 以内的角度,它可以近似表示为 AM ≈ sec(θ)。AM0 指的是大气层外的光谱。
The Air Mass coefficient is a crucial parameter in solar energy and atmospheric science. The standard value for testing terrestrial solar cells is AM1.5, which corresponds to a solar zenith angle of 48.19°. This value was chosen as it represents the annual average solar radiation received in the temperate latitudes of Europe and North America. The ‘1.5’ signifies that the path length is 1.5 times the path length when the sun is directly overhead (AM1). The AM0 spectrum, with an integrated power of the solar constant (~1361 W/m²), is used for designing and testing solar cells for spacecraft. As the AM number increases (i.e., as the sun approaches the horizon), the path length through the atmosphere increases. This leads to greater absorption and scattering, which not only reduces the total irradiance but also shifts the spectrum towards the red, as blue light is scattered more effectively (Rayleigh scattering). More complex models for AM account for the curvature of the Earth and atmospheric refraction, becoming more accurate at large zenith angles.
空气质量系数(AM)
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