Nel 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes scoprì la superconduttività mentre studiava la resistenza del mercurio solido a criogenico temperatures. He observed that the electrical resistance of mercury abruptly dropped to zero at a temperatura critica ([latex]T_c[/latex]) of 4.2 K. This phenomenon, termed superconductivity, represents a state of matter with exactly zero electrical resistance and expulsion of magnetic fields.

















