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» 飞轮储能(FES)

飞轮储能(FES)

1970
飞轮储能系统在工业机械应用中的应用。

(图片仅供参考)

飞轮储能(FES)的工作原理是将转子(飞轮)加速到极高的速度,并将能量以旋转动能的形式储存在系统中。储存的能量与转速的平方成正比。当能量被提取时,飞轮的转速会减慢。储存能量的公式为[latex]E = frac{1}{2} I omega^2[/latex],其中I是转动惯量,ω是角速度。

A modern FES system consists of a massive rotor spinning in a near-vacuum enclosure to minimize air friction. The rotor is connected to a motor/generator. To store energy, the motor uses electricity to spin the flywheel up to speed. To release energy, the spinning flywheel drives the generator, producing electricity and slowing the rotor down. The amount of energy stored is given by [latex]E = frac{1}{2} I omega^2[/latex]. To maximize energy storage, rotors are designed to have a high moment of inertia and be able to withstand the immense centrifugal forces at very high rotational speeds (tens of thousands of RPM). Advanced FES systems use rotors made from high-strength carbon-fiber composites and employ magnetic bearings to eliminate friction from mechanical contact, allowing for extremely high efficiency (often over 90%) and very long lifespans with minimal degradation (hundreds of thousands of cycles). FES is particularly well-suited for applications requiring frequent, rapid charge and discharge cycles, such as grid frequency regulation, as it can respond to power fluctuations in milliseconds.

UNESCO Nomenclature: 2210
- 机械

类型

物理设备

中断

重大的

用法

小众/专业

前体

  • 陶轮(古代)
  • 牛顿运动定律
  • 电动机/发电机的发明
  • 钢和碳复合材料等高强度材料的开发
  • 真空技术和磁力轴承的进步

应用程序

  • 数据中心不间断电源(UPS)
  • 电网频率调节
  • 赛车运动和车辆中的动能回收系统(kers)
  • 航天器姿态控制储能
  • 工业过程的功率稳定

专利:

NA

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相关术语:飞轮、动能、旋转能、FES、储能、转动惯量、频率调节、UPS、高速转子、磁轴承。

历史背景

飞轮储能(FES)

1963
1965
1970
1970
1974-11-15
1980
1980
1963
1964
1968
1970
1970
1975
1980
1980

(如果日期未知或不相关,例如“流体力学”,则提供其显著出现的近似估计)

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