数字电路主要分为两类：组合逻辑和顺序逻辑。在组合逻辑中，输出是当前输入值的纯函数（如加法器）。在顺序逻辑中，输出不仅取决于当前的输入值，还取决于过去的输入序列，因为这些电路具有存储元件（如触发器）。
组合逻辑电路和顺序逻辑电路
1950
Combinational logic circuits are memory-less. Their output at any given time is determined solely by the combination of input values at that same instant. They are implemented using basic logic gates like AND, OR, NOT, NAND, and NOR. Examples include adders, subtractors, comparators, multiplexers (which select one of several input signals), and demultiplexers (which send an input signal to one of many outputs). The relationship between inputs and outputs can be described by a truth table or a set of Boolean functions.
Sequential logic circuits, in contrast, incorporate memory. Their state, stored in memory elements like flip-flops or latches, is a summary of the history of past inputs. The output is a function of both the current inputs and the current state. This memory capability allows them to perform tasks that combinational circuits cannot, such as counting or storing data. Sequential circuits are further divided into synchronous and asynchronous types. Synchronous circuits use a clock signal to update their state at discrete time intervals, ensuring orderly operation. Asynchronous circuits update their state in response to changes in the input signals, which can be faster but are more complex to design and analyze correctly.
UNESCO Nomenclature: 2205
- 电子产品
类型
抽象系统
中断
基础
使用方法
广泛使用
前体
- Boolean algebra
- Invention of the flip-flop circuit (Eccles-Jordan trigger circuit)
- Alan Turing’s concept of a state machine (Turing machine)
- Development of relay-based switching circuits
应用
- arithmetic logic units (alus) use combinational logic
- data multiplexers and decoders use combinational logic
- flip-flops and latches (memory) use sequential logic
- state machines and counters use sequential logic
- microprocessor control units use a combination of both
专利：
NA
潜在的创新想法
Related to: combinational logic, sequential logic, logic circuits, flip-flop, state machine, memory, clock signal, digital design.
迎接新挑战
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历史背景
(如果日期不详或不相关，例如 "流体力学"，则对其显著出现的时间作了四舍五入的估计）。
相关发明、创新和技术原理
