镍镉电池由瓦尔德马·荣格纳于1899年发明,采用氧化氢氧化镍(NiO(OH))作为正极,金属镉(Cd)作为负极,并使用氢氧化钾(KOH)等碱性电解质。该电池以长循环寿命和低温环境下的优异性能著称,但存在以下缺陷: 记忆效应 以及镉的毒性。.

(图片仅供参考)
镍镉电池由瓦尔德马·荣格纳于1899年发明,采用氧化氢氧化镍(NiO(OH))作为正极,金属镉(Cd)作为负极,并使用氢氧化钾(KOH)等碱性电解质。该电池以长循环寿命和低温环境下的优异性能著称,但存在以下缺陷: 记忆效应 以及镉的毒性。.
The nickel-cadmium battery was a significant step forward from the lead-acid battery, offering a higher energy density and a much longer cycle life in a sealed, maintenance-free package. Waldemar Jungner’s invention provided a robust and reliable power source that became dominant in portable applications for much of the 20th century. The core chemical reaction during discharge is [latex]2 NiO(OH) + Cd + 2 H_2O rightarrow 2 Ni(OH)_2 + Cd(OH)_2[/latex].
The use of an alkaline electrolyte, typically potassium hydroxide, was a key difference from the acidic electrolyte of lead-acid cells. This chemistry allowed for a very flat discharge voltage curve, meaning the battery delivered a nearly constant voltage until it was almost fully depleted. However, its major drawbacks led to its decline. Cadmium is a heavy metal with significant environmental toxicity, making disposal and recycling a critical issue. Furthermore, NiCd batteries are prone to the ‘memory effect,’ where repeated partial discharge/charge cycles can cause a reduction in usable capacity. This necessitated periodic full discharge cycles to maintain performance. Despite being largely replaced by NiMH and Li-ion technologies in consumer goods, its durability ensures it remains in some niche industrial and aviation applications.
镍镉电池(NiCd)
(如果日期未知或不相关,例如“流体力学”,则提供其显著出现的近似估计)
只有注册会员才能免费获得 100% 的全尺寸图片和下载。.
> 登录 <