The first stage of fotosíntesis, the light-dependent reactions, occurs in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts. Light energy is captured by chlorophyll to split water (photolysis), releasing oxygen, protons ([latex]H^+[/latex]), and electrons ([latex]e^-[/latex]). This energy is used to create two energy-carrying molecules: adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), which power the subsequent ciclo de Calvin.

















