潜热 热能储存 液态热能储存（LHTES）系统利用相变材料（PCM）的相变（例如从固态熔化成液态）来储存热能。在相变过程中，能量以近乎恒定的温度储存。储存的能量称为熔化热。 方法 与显热存储相比，它具有更高的能量存储密度。
潜热热能储存（LHTES）
1761
- Joseph Black
（图片仅供参考）
LHTES leverages the principle that a substance absorbs or releases a large amount of energy, known as latent heat (e.g., heat of fusion or vaporization), when it changes its physical state. This process occurs at a constant temperature. The total heat stored ([latex]Q[/latex]) in a PCM includes both sensible heat and latent heat: [latex]Q = int_{T_i}^{T_m} m C_p dT + m Delta H_m + int_{T_m}^{T_f} m C_p dT[/latex], where [latex]m[/latex] is the mass, [latex]C_p[/latex] is the specific heat capacity, [latex]Delta H_m[/latex] is the latent heat of fusion, and [latex]T_m[/latex] is the melting temperature. The key advantage is the high energy density within a small temperature range around the phase transition point. Materials used as PCMs include paraffin waxes, salt hydrates, and fatty acids. The choice of PCM depends on the target operating temperature. For example, molten salts are used in concentrated solar power (CSP) plants for high-temperature storage, while paraffin-based PCMs are used in building materials for passive heating and cooling. Challenges in LHTES include the low thermal conductivity of many PCMs, which can limit charging and discharging rates, and issues with volume change and long-term stability.
UNESCO Nomenclature: 3322
- 热力学
类型
化学过程
中断
重大的
用法
广泛使用
前体
- 约瑟夫·布莱克发现了潜热和比热
- 热力学定律
- 了解材料相变
- 用于创建和表征 PCM 的材料科学的发展
应用程序
- 太阳能热发电厂
- 建筑物的温度调节（例如相变墙板）
- 电子产品热管理
- 用于食品运输和空调的冷藏库
- 温度稳定纺织品
专利：
NA
潜在创新理念
Related to: latent heat, thermal energy storage, phase change material, PCM, heat of fusion, thermodynamics, solar thermal, molten salt, energy density, constant temperature.
历史背景
潜热热能储存（LHTES）
（如果日期未知或不相关，例如“流体力学”，则提供其显著出现的近似估计）
