Bayes’ theorem describes the probability of an event based on prior knowledge of conditions that might be related to the event. It is a fundamental concept in probability theory and statistics. Mathematically, it is stated as [latex]P(A|B) = \frac{P(B|A)P(A)}{P(B)}[/latex], where A and B are events and [latex]P(B) \neq 0[/latex]. It relates the conditional and marginal probabilities of two random events.





