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» プロジェクト管理の三角形(三重制約)

プロジェクト管理の三角形(三重制約)

1970
  • Martin Barnes
近代的なオフィスでプロジェクト・マネジメント・トライアングルについて議論するプロジェクト・マネジメント・チーム。.

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The Project Management Triangle, also known as the Triple Constraint or Iron Triangle, is a model of the constraints inherent in managing a project. It states that the quality of work is constrained by the project’s budget (cost), deadlines (time), and scope. A change in one constraint necessitates changes in the others to maintain quality and equilibrium.

The model provides a simple yet powerful framework for understanding the trade-offs in project management. The three constraints are often depicted as the vertices of a triangle, with quality as the central theme. The core idea is that no single constraint can be altered without affecting at least one of the others. For instance, if a client wants to add features (increase scope), the project will require more time, more money, or both. If the budget is cut (decreased cost), the project might take longer or have its scope reduced. Similarly, shortening the timeline (decreased time) may require more resources (increased cost) or a reduction in features (decreased scope).

This model is crucial for managing stakeholder expectations. It provides a clear language for project managers to explain the consequences of requested changes. While the original model, often attributed to Dr. Martin Barnes in 1969, is simple, modern interpretations have expanded it to include other constraints, such as risk, resources, and customer satisfaction, sometimes depicted as a six-pointed star or project management diamond. Despite these extensions, the core concept of the time-cost-scope trade-off remains a fundamental principle in project management education and practice, serving as a constant reminder of the balancing act required for successful project delivery.

UNESCO Nomenclature: 5312
経営科学

タイプ

抽象システム

混乱

増分

使用法

広く普及している

前駆物質

  • Basic principles of economics (scarcity, opportunity cost)
  • Engineering trade-off analysis
  • Early management theories on resource allocation

アプリケーション

  • project planning and initiation
  • stakeholder communication
  • change request management
  • risk assessment
  • project portfolio management
  • negotiating contracts and service level agreements (slas)

特許:

NA

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Related to: project management triangle, triple constraint, iron triangle, scope, time, cost, quality, project constraints, trade-off, project management.

歴史的背景

プロジェクト管理の三角形(三重制約)

1957
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1970
1980
1980
1986
1957
1957
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1965
1970
1980
1983
1990

(日付が不明または関連性がない場合、例えば「流体力学」などでは、その注目すべき出現時期の概算値が提示されます。)

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