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Triângulo de Gerenciamento de Projetos (Tripla Restrição)

1970
  • Martin Barnes
Equipe de gerenciamento de projetos discutindo o Triângulo de Gerenciamento de Projetos em um escritório moderno.

(Imagem gerada apenas para fins ilustrativos)

The Project Management Triangle, also known as the Triple Constraint or Iron Triangle, is a model of the constraints inherent in managing a project. It states that the quality of work is constrained by the project’s budget (cost), deadlines (time), and scope. A change in one constraint necessitates changes in the others to maintain quality and equilibrium.

The model provides a simple yet powerful framework for understanding the trade-offs in project management. The three constraints are often depicted as the vertices of a triangle, with quality as the central theme. The core idea is that no single constraint can be altered without affecting at least one of the others. For instance, if a client wants to add features (increase scope), the project will require more time, more money, or both. If the budget is cut (decreased cost), the project might take longer or have its scope reduced. Similarly, shortening the timeline (decreased time) may require more resources (increased cost) or a reduction in features (decreased scope).

This model is crucial for managing stakeholder expectations. It provides a clear language for project managers to explain the consequences of requested changes. While the original model, often attributed to Dr. Martin Barnes in 1969, is simple, modern interpretations have expanded it to include other constraints, such as risk, resources, and customer satisfaction, sometimes depicted as a six-pointed star or project management diamond. Despite these extensions, the core concept of the time-cost-scope trade-off remains a fundamental principle in project management education and practice, serving as a constant reminder of the balancing act required for successful project delivery.

UNESCO Nomenclature: 5312
Ciências da gestão

Tipo

Sistema abstrato

Interrupção

Incremental

Uso

Uso generalizado

Precursores

  • Basic principles of economics (scarcity, opportunity cost)
  • Engineering trade-off analysis
  • Early management theories on resource allocation

Aplicações

  • project planning and initiation
  • stakeholder communication
  • change request management
  • risk assessment
  • project portfolio management
  • negotiating contracts and service level agreements (slas)

Patentes:

NA

Ideias de Inovação Potencial

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Related to: project management triangle, triple constraint, iron triangle, scope, time, cost, quality, project constraints, trade-off, project management.

Contexto histórico

Triângulo de Gerenciamento de Projetos (Tripla Restrição)

1957
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1970
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1986
1957
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1970
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1990

(Caso a data seja desconhecida ou irrelevante, por exemplo, "mecânica dos fluidos", é fornecida uma estimativa aproximada de seu surgimento notável)

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