» 方差分割(ANOVA)

方差分割(ANOVA)

1925
  • Ronald A. Fisher
统计学家在 20 世纪 20 年代的一间办公室里分析数据,重点是方差分区。.

(生成的图像仅供参考)

方差分析 (ANOVA) 是一种统计方法,它将数据集中观察到的总变异性划分为可归因于不同来源的各个部分。其核心思想是比较不同组均值之间的方差与组内方差。如果组间方差显著较大,则表明组均值确实存在差异。

The fundamental principle of ANOVA, conceived by Ronald A. Fisher, revolutionized experimental design. Before ANOVA, researchers often used multiple t-tests to compare several groups, a practice that inflates the Type I error rate (the probability of a false positive). ANOVA provides a single test to check for any difference among group means. The technique works by decomposing the total variation in a dataset, measured by the Total Sum of Squares ([latex]SS_{Total}[/latex]), into two parts. The first part is the Sum of Squares Between groups ([latex]SS_{Between}[/latex]), which measures the variation of each group’s mean from the overall grand mean. This represents the variation explained by the grouping factor. The second part is the Sum of Squares Within groups ([latex]SS_{Within}[/latex]), which measures the variation of each observation from its own group’s mean. This represents the unexplained or random variation, often called error. If the variation between groups is substantially larger than the variation within groups, it provides evidence that the grouping factor has a significant effect on the outcome variable. This comparison is formalized through the F-statistic.

UNESCO Nomenclature: 1209
- 统计资料

类型

抽象系统

中断

革命

使用方法

广泛使用

前体

  • Theory of errors (Carl Friedrich Gauss, Pierre-Simon 拉普拉斯)
  • 方法 of least squares (Adrien-Marie Legendre, Carl Friedrich Gauss)
  • 相关系数(卡尔·皮尔逊)
  • Student’s t-test (William Sealy Gosset)

应用

  • 农业实验设计,用于比较作物产量
  • 临床试验是医学上测试药物疗效的手段
  • quality control in 制造业 to monitor process stability
  • 比较治疗效果的心理学研究
  • 网站设计 A/B/n 测试的营销分析

专利:

NA

潜在的创新想法

级别需要会员

您必须是!!等级!!会员才能访问此内容。

立即加入

已经是会员? 在此登录
Related to: ANOVA, variance partitioning, sum of squares, experimental design, statistical modeling, F-test, between-group variance, within-group variance, Ronald Fisher, statistics.

发表回复

您的邮箱地址不会被公开。 必填项已用 * 标注

迎接新挑战
机械工程师、项目、工艺工程师或研发经理
有效的产品开发

可在短时间内接受新的挑战。
通过 LinkedIn 联系我
塑料金属电子集成、成本设计、GMP、人体工程学、中高容量设备和耗材、精益制造、受监管行业、CE 和 FDA、CAD、Solidworks、精益西格玛黑带、医疗 ISO 13485

我们正在寻找新的赞助商

 

您的公司或机构从事技术、科学或研究吗?
> 给我们发送消息 <

接收所有新文章
免费,无垃圾邮件,电子邮件不分发也不转售

或者您可以免费获得完整会员资格以访问所有受限制的内容>这里<

历史背景

方差分割(ANOVA)

1895
1900
1914
1925
1930
1936
1950
1854
1896
1911
1925
1928
1930
1943
1950

(如果日期未知或不相关,例如“流体力学”,则提供其显著出现的近似估计)

相关发明、创新和技术原理

滚动至顶部

你可能还喜欢