Latest Research Articles on Engineering

A large number of seabed depressions, covering an area of 2500 km2 in the Xisha Massif of the South China Sea, are investigated using newly collected high-resolution acoustic data. By analyzing the morphological features and seismic attributes of the focused fluid flow system, five geological structures are recognized and described in detail, including pockmarks, volcanic mounds, pipes, faults, and forced folds. Pockmarks and volcanic mounds occur as clustered groups and their distributions are related to two large-scale volcanic zones with chaotic seismic reflections. Pipes, characterized by […]

The stability of deep-sea aquaculture equipment under extreme sea conditions such as typhoons directly affects the safety and operational reliability of the aquaculture platform, which in turn affects the economic benefits of fish farming. Therefore, it is particularly important to systematically analyze the hydrodynamic response of aquaculture facilities using numerical methods. This paper employs the hydrodynamic analysis software AQWA, integrating the boundary element method of three-dimensional potential flow theory with the Morison equation, to conduct hydrodynamic research on a […]

Unique in mammals, the vocal generator of mysticete species comprises membranes covering the two arytenoid cartilages that vibrate as the airflow passes through the trachea from the lungs to the laryngeal sac. By adjusting the airflow as well as the spacing and orientation of the two cartilages, mysticetes control the vibrations and vary acoustic qualities of the produced sounds, including the duration, amplitude, and frequency modulation of vocalizations. Humpback whales control sound production in this way to construct a complex vocal repertoire, including vocalizations with or without […]

Flow around clustered cylinders is widely encountered in engineering applications such as wind energy systems, pipeline transport, and marine engineering. To investigate the hydrodynamic performance and vortex dynamics of multiple cylinders under forced vibration at low Reynolds numbers, with a focus on understanding the interference characteristics in various configurations, this study is based on a self-developed radial basis function iso-surface ghost cell computing platform, which improves the implicit iso-surface interface representation method to track the moving boundaries of multiple […]

Horizontal refraction notably influences propagation characteristics with the variation of the waveguide environment. In this study, the horizontal refraction phenomenon at low frequencies was investigated in a sloping sea region with an incomplete vertical sound speed profile. Using the mode coupling theory, this research explores the relationship between horizontal refraction and energy exchange among modes, examining the impact of environmental conditions on the horizontal refraction angle. Theoretical derivations and numerical simulations reveal the mechanisms by which the source depth […]

CTD profilers are used as reference instruments to qualify temperature and salinity data. Their metrological specifications can be controlled in a calibration bath, and calibration coefficients can be applied to correct the linearity of sensors and the trueness of measured data with a given uncertainty. However, in ocean areas with thermal gradients, the uncertainty of the measured data is questionable due to the thermal inertia of sensors and the movements of the CTD in relation to the roll or pitch of the boat. In order to evaluate these measurement uncertainties and in order to be able to […]

Floc size distribution and settling velocities are crucial parameters for characterising cohesive sediments, as they influence how these sediments behave in various environmental settings. The accurate measurement of these properties is essential, with different methods available depending on the scope of the study. For long-term monitoring, in situ techniques based on laser diffraction are commonly used, while video microscopy techniques are preferred for shorter studies due to their ability to provide detailed information on individual particles. This study compares two high-magnification […]

To investigate the spatiotemporal characteristics of sea level changes in Hangzhou Bay over the past 40 years, we collected tide gauge data from six stations within the bay. Various mathematical and statistical methods, including linear regression, empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis, and wavelet analysis, were employed to reveal the long-term variation patterns and spatiotemporal characteristics of sea levels in Hangzhou Bay. The results show that the overall trend of sea levels in this area is characterized by a fluctuating rise, with the rate of rise at the top of the bay (Ganpu […]

This study explores the use of Temporal Fusion Transformers (TFTs), an AI/ML technique, to enhance the prediction of coastal dynamics along the Western Black Sea coast. We integrate in-situ observations from five meteo-oceanographic stations with modelled geospatial marine data from the Copernicus Marine Service. TFTs are employed to refine predictions of shallow water dynamics by considering atmospheric influences, with a particular focus on wave-wind correlations in coastal regions. Atmospheric pressure and temperature are treated as latitude-dependent constants, with specific […]

As a promising energy resource, offshore natural gas is primarily used for power generation. The comprehensive offshore gas-to-power system, which includes extraction, treatment, compression, pipeline transmission, and power generation, is extensive and operates within various regulatory, operational, and financial constraints. This complexity offers opportunities to optimize one or more system operations to enhance profitability while fulfilling user demands and environmental considerations. In this research, we present a model-based, computer-aided framework that intuitively connects […]

Direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation of underwater multipath signals plays a indispensable role in both military and civilian underwater applications. Despite its importance, accurately estimating DOA under multipath conditions is challenging due to the proximity of paths in the spatial domain. Current methods struggle with this problem in passive detection scenarios. To address these limitations, this study proposes a deep learning (DL)-based DOA estimation framework leveraging sparse representation. First, the approach models the array covariance matrix as an undersampled linear […]

Intelligent Guided Vehicles (IGVs) in U-shaped automated container terminals (ACTs) have longer travel paths than those in conventional vertical layout ACTs, and their interactions with double trolley quay cranes (DTQCs) and double cantilever rail cranes (DCRCs) are more frequent and complex, so the scheduling strategy of a traditional ACT cannot easily be applied to a U-shaped ACT. With the aim of minimizing the maximum task completion times within a U-shaped ACT, this study investigates the integrated scheduling problem of DTQCs, IGVs and DCRCs under the hybrid “loading and […]