The Kelvin relations are two equations that thermodynamically link the three thermoelectric coefficients: the first relation connects the Peltier coefficient ([latex]\Pi[/latex]) to the Seebeck coefficient ([latex]S[/latex]) via absolute temperature ([latex]T[/latex]): [latex]Pi = S \cdot T[/latex]. The second relates the Thomson coefficient ([latex]\mathcal{K}[/latex]) to the temperature derivative of the Seebeck coefficient: [latex]\mathcal{K} = T \frac{dS}{dT}[/latex].
