工程能力指数（Cpk）

The Process Capability Index (Cpk) is a statistical measure that quantifies how well a manufacturing process can produce output within specified limits, reflecting its capability to meet design specifications. It assesses the relationship between the process mean and the nearest specification limit, indicating how much variation exists relative to the allowable tolerance. A higher Cpk value signifies a more capable process, suggesting that it consistently produces products that meet quality standards with minimal defects.