OCRA（职业性重复动作）

The OCRA methodology finds applications across various industries such as manufacturing, healthcare, and logistics, where repetitive upper limb movements are commonplace. It is particularly useful during the design and assessment phases of workstations and workflows, allowing engineers and ergonomists to identify risk factors before implementing new systems or modifying existing ones. Participants in this methodology typically include ergonomists, occupational health professionals, and production managers, who collaborate to analyze tasks and develop strategies for reducing risks associated with musculoskeletal disorders. For instance, in assembly lines, OCRA can aid in evaluating workstations where employees perform similar tasks rapidly and repetitively. The methodology accommodates various task characteristics, making it adaptable for different workflows, whether in high-paced environments like food processing or in more controlled settings like assembly of electronics. By providing a quantified index indicating risk levels, teams can prioritize interventions based on data-driven decisions that guide job redesigns, rotation schedules, and appropriate rest periods, which contribute to improved worker well-being while maintaining productivity. Therefore, integrating OCRA allows organizations to proactively address potential hazards before they lead to injuries, supporting a culture of safety and efficiency.