根据工业人口中能够在不过度劳累的情况下完成这些任务的比例，为人工材料搬运任务（提升、降低、推、拉、搬运）提供设计目标的表格。
- 方法： 客户与营销, 人体工程学, 产品设计
心理物理表（斯努克表）
- 持续改进, 面向制造设计 (DfM), 可持续性设计, 人体工程学, 人为因素, Human-Centered Design, 流程改进, 风险管理, 安全
心理物理表（斯努克表）
- 持续改进, 面向制造设计 (DfM), 可持续性设计, 人体工程学, 人为因素, Human-Centered Design, 流程改进, 风险管理, 安全
目标
如何使用
- 基于广泛的研究，受试者将任务变量（如重量、距离、频率）调整到其最大可接受水平。表中列出了不同比例的男性和女性的可接受限值。
优点
- 为设计体力搬运任务提供以数据为依据的指南；有助于降低过度劳累受伤的风险；同时考虑男性和女性人群。
缺点
- 数据基于特定的实验室条件，不一定完全适用于所有工作环境；表格的解释和正确应用可能比较复杂；侧重于特定类型的任务。
类别
- 人体工程学
最适合：
- 确定人工材料搬运任务的可接受重量、力量和频率，以适应一定比例的劳动力。
The methodology of Psychophysical Tables (Snook Tables) provides a valuable resource in industries where manual material handling is prevalent, such as manufacturing, logistics, healthcare, and construction. This approach supports the assessment of ergonomic risks associated with various tasks by identifying weight limits and force tolerances based on empirical data collected from diverse demographic groups, thus allowing for the optimization of work environments and procedures. Employers in these sectors can utilize the tables during the design phase of equipment and workflows, ensuring that physical demands align with the capabilities of the workforce. In practice, ergonomics specialists and safety engineers often initiate studies using Snook Tables to guide interventions aimed at improving occupational safety and efficiency. The methodology also encourages collaboration among project managers, HR personnel, and ergonomists to foster a more inclusive workplace that accommodates the physical strengths of all employees. By applying findings from psychophysical research, organizations can create systems that reduce worker fatigue, lower incidence rates of musculoskeletal disorders, and enhance overall productivity while maintaining compliance with regulatory standards concerning worker health and safety. The data helps in the gradual implementation of engineered solutions, training programs, and ergonomic assessments, benefiting not only company policies but also the wellbeing and satisfaction of the workforce.
该方法的关键步骤
- Identify the target population and their demographic characteristics (e.g., age, gender, physical capability).
- Conduct experimental tasks where subjects adjust variables (e.g., weight, height, frequency) to their maximum acceptable level.
- Compile collected data to establish acceptable limits for specific task variables across different population segments.
- Use statistical analysis to identify trends and develop guidelines for acceptable weight, force, and frequency thresholds.
- Create psychophysical tables that summarize acceptable limits for various tasks tailored to male and female thresholds.
- Apply the psychophysical tables during the design phase of manual handling tasks.
- Iterate and refine task designs based on feedback and ongoing observations in practical settings.
专业提示
- Utilize Snook Tables to establish benchmarks based on percentile data, ensuring tasks meet the capabilities of the target population.
- Incorporate variability in task design by including adjustments for factors such as grip type and posture, as suggested by the latest ergonomic research.
- Continuously validate and update psychophysical data with real-world testing to account for evolving workforce demographics and capabilities.
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